Cresol
Microbial overgrowth
- Can include
- Benzoate,
- Hippurate,
- Phenylacetate,
- Phenylpropionate,
- Cresol,
- Hydroxybenzoate,
- Hydroxyphenylacetate,
- Hydroxyphenylpropionate
- 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionate,
- Indican,
- Tricarballylate,
- D-lactate,
- D-arabinitol
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Cresol
- Chemical structure very similar to phenol and is highly toxic
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Střevnà bakterie
- Cresol excretion is not affected by dietary protein intake
- Suggesting the bacteria responsible reside in the lower portions of the small intestine where amino acids from dietary protein rarely penetrate
- These bacteria apparently produce cresol from intestinal secretions as well as from dietary sources
- Mammalian tissues
- 95 percent of cresol infused into the rumen appears in urine
- Production of cresol in humans
- May be dependent on small intestinal populations of aerobic or microaerophilic bacteria
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Celiakie
- Large majority of adult celiac disease patients were found to excrete unusually high amounts of p-cresol
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Loss of renal function
- Uremic patients accumulate cresol
- May contribute to toxic effects
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Absorbenty
- Resultant increase in serum cresol
- Can be prevented by the use of non-absorbed oral sorbents
- Origin of p-cresol is the bowel
Powdered, activated charcoal
- Generally available sorbent
Newer synthetic compounds
- May also be effective
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Prebiotic substrate (oligofructose-enriched inulin)
- Cresol excretion was found to be lowered
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Lactobacillus casei Shirota
- Cresol excretion was found to be lowered
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Bifidobacterium breve
- Cresol excretion was found to be lowered
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
Dietary polyphenols or tyrosine residues from dietary proteins
- Compounds from which urinary
- P-cresol,
- P-hydroxybenzoate
- P-hydroxyphenylacetate are formed
Clinical Applications of Urinary Organic Acids. Part 2. Dysbiosis Markers, Richard S. Lord, PhD, and J. Alexander Bralley, PhD, Alternative Medicine Review Volume 13, Number 4 2008
