Antituberkulotika
Antituberkulotické účinky
Základní medikamenty
- Isoniazid
- Rifampicin
- Pyrazinamide
- Ethambutol
Reserve remedies
- Cycloserine
- Kanamycin
- Ethionamide
Jiné dělení dle účinnosti
- 1. isoniazid a rifampicin (nejúčinnější terapie)
- 2. ethambutol, streptomycin, ethionamide, pyrazinamide, kanamycin, cycloserine
- 3. PASA = para-aminosalicylic acid, thioacetazone, ciprofloxacine, ofloxacin [5]
Jak podpořit terapii tuberkulózy ještě více než jen standardními medikamenty ?
Výzkum nových medikamentů
- Diarylquinoline (TMC 207) [3]
- Nitroimidazole (PA-824 and OPC-67683) [3]
- Moxifloxacin (MFLX) [3]
- Anti-mycobacterial agents modified by liposome or polymer based technology [3]
- 1,5-diarylpyrroles [5]
- Imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidines [5]
- Quinoxaline derivatives [5]
- Analogue of new-generation fluoroquinolones such as oxoquinoline
- (MIC = 0.2µg/mL) is sevenfold more active against M. tuberculosis with MDRTB than isoniazid [5]
- Fluoroquinolones
- (MIC = 0.2?1.6µg/mL) exhibit a much more high antituberculosis activity than perfloxacin (MIC = 4µg/mL). [5]
Mořští bezobratlí
Mořské řasy
Caulerpin (1a)
- Toxické molekuly z mořských chaluh třídy Caulerpa - česky lazucha [4]
- řasa roste v tropických mořích, kde vytváří husté porosty [4]
- Bis-indole alkaloid
- Isolated from Caulerpa racemosa and C. serrulata in 1970 [1]
- Vykazuje významnou antinociceptivní a protizánětlivou aktivitu (de Souza et al. 2009) u savců [4]
- Inhibuje růst nádorů (Ayyad a Badrya 1994) [4]
- Působí jako růstový regulátor a stimulátor růstu kořenů rostlin (Raub et al. 1987; Xu a Su 1996) [4]
- Inhibuje aktivaci transkripčního faktoru HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) (Liu et al. 2009) [4]
- Významný molekulární terč výzkumu protinádorové terapie [4]
Imunomodulace
ATP and its analogues
- Potentiate macrophage antimycobacterial activity via purinergic P2 receptors [3]
Aktinomycetární metabolity
Houby
Rostliny
Trans-cinnamic acid
- Exhibit antituberculosis activity being herewith not cytotoxic [5]
Eucalyptus citriodora
- Monoterpenes citronellol (1),
- Linalool (3),
- Isopulegol (5),
- ?-terpineol (7)
- Sesquiterpenoids spathulenol (11)
- ß-eudesmol (23)
- ?-cadinol (25)
- Various artificial mixtures (AMxs)
- 1 and the AMx containing 1, 2, and 33 showed airborne TB inhibition of >90%
- The major E. citriodora EO component, 2, was only weakly active, at 18% inhibition [2]
Konzervanty
Benzoic acids
- Exhibit antituberculosis activity being herewith not cytotoxic [5]
- All the compounds of benzoic acid are sufficiently more active than their own cinnamic an alogues [5]
Literatura:
[1] Synthesis and Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of the Marine Natural Product Caulerpin and Its Analogues, Cristina I. Canché Chay, Rocío Gómez Cansino, Clara I. Espitia Pinzón, Rubén O. Torres-Ochoa, Roberto Martínez, Published: 27 March 2014, Mar. Drugs 2014, 12, 1757-1772; doi:10.3390/md12041757
[2] Airborne Antituberculosis Activity of Eucalyptus citriodora Essential Oil, Article, René F. Ramos Alvarenga ‡, Baojie Wan †, Taichi Inui †, Scott G. Franzblau †, Guido F. Pauli †‡, and Birgit U. Jaki, Institute for Tuberculosis Research and ‡Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States, J. Nat. Prod., 2014, 77 (3), pp 603–610, DOI: 10.1021/np400872m pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/np400872m
[3] Kekkaku. 2006 Dec;81(12):753-74. Development of antituberculous drugs: current status and future prospects]. [Article in Japanese], Tomioka H1, Namba K. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17240921
[4] Caulerpin a caulerpenyn, toxické molekuly z mořských chaluh třídy Caulerpa, Publikováno: Sobota, 18.12. 2010 - 10:33:11, Caulerpin a caulerpenyn, toxické molekuly z mořských chaluh třídy Caulerpa, Jiří Patočka www.toxicology.cz/modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=380
[5] Chemistry for Sustainable Development, UDC 547.944 Antituberculosis Activity of Natural and Synthetic Compounds, L. N. ROGOZA, N. F. SALAKHUTDINOV a nd G. A. TOLSTIKOV, Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentyeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia), E-mail: rogoza@nioch.nsc.ru