MUDr. Dana Maňasková


Vyhledávání na medicinman.cz
 

CNS

Histamin v CNS

  • G-protein-coupled receptors H1R-H4R
  • Ubiquitous in the CNS
    • Histaminergic signalling
  • histamine regulates motor circuits
  • Neuro-immune functions
  • Neuroprotective agent
  • Beneficial effects on microglia under in vitro/in vivo inflammatory conditions
  • Histamine signalling also promotes remyelination
  • Protects skeletal muscles against exercise-induced fatigue
  • Reduces muscle injury by improving motor performance in Duchenne dystrophic mice
  • Bolesti hlavy, migrény, závratě

Multiple sclerosis

  • Histamine therapy for treatment of multiple sclerosis is currently being studied
  • Different H receptors have been known to have different effects on the treatment of this disease
  • H1 and H4 receptors
    • Counterproductive in the treatment of MS
  • H1 and H4 receptors are thought to increase permeability in the blood-brain barrier
    • Thus increasing infiltration of unwanted cells in the central nervous system
    • Can cause inflammation, and MS symptom worsening
  • H2 and H3 receptors helpful when treating MS patients
  • Help with T-cell differentiation
    • By helping T cells to differentiate, the T cells will be less likely to attack the body's own cells, and instead attack invaders

Schizophrenia

  • Metabolites of histamine
    • Increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of people with schizophrenia
  • Efficiency of H1 receptor binding sites is decreased
  • Atypical antipsychotic medications

  • Neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus
  • Minoritní neurotransmiter v mozku

Kognice

  • Stimulatory effects upon neurons
  • Suppressive protect against the susceptibility to convulsion, drug sensitization, denervation supersensitivity, ischemic lesions and stress
  • Controls the mechanisms by which memories and learning are forgotten


Migrény

  • Histamin může hrát roli rozšiřováním cév, což způsobuje migrénové bolesti
    • Studie často identifikovali nízké DAO koncentrace v krvi lidí, kteří trpěli migrénami
    • Mnoho lidí s migrénami vypozorovalo souvislost mezi konzumací potravin obsahujících histamin a migrénovými záchvaty
  • Nízká hladina DAO může způsobit únavu, neustálou ospalost nebo nedostatek energie.
  • Migrény: Některé osoby s nízkou hladinou DAO mohou mít migrény nebo silné bolesti hlavy.
  • Nespavost: Nízká hladina DAO může vést k nespavosti nebo narušení spánkového cyklu.
  • Úzkost: Některé osoby s nízkou hladinou DAO mohou mít zvýšenou úzkost, podrážděnost nebo deprese.

Inability to maintain vigilance

  • Can occur from the inhibition of histamine biosynthesis or the loss (i.e., degeneration or destruction) of histamine-releasing neurons in the TMN [1]
  • Bolesti hlavy, migrény a mozková mlha, únava


Sleep-wake regulation

  • Ascending reticular activating system
  • Released from histaminergic neurons
    • Which project out of the mammalian hypothalamus
      • Posterior hypothalamus known as the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN)
  • histamine neurons in this region comprise the brain's histamine system
    • Projects widely throughout the brain
      • Includes axonal projections to the cortex, medial forebrain bundle, and elsewhere
  • Involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle
    • Promote arousal when activated
  • Neural firing rate of histamine neurons in the TMN
    • strongly positively correlated with an individual's state of arousal
      • Fire rapidly during periods of wakefulness
      • More slowly during periods of relaxation/tiredness
      • Stop firing altogether during REM and NREM (non-REM) sleep [1]
O úroveň výše

Poslední aktualizace: 12. 12. 2023 1:00:16