Anatomie slinivky
Endokrinní část slinivky
- The endocrine portion accounts for only 2% of the total mass of the pancreas [15]
Ostrůvky
- Cca one million islets
- Total weigh 1 - 2 grams
- 1 - 2 % of the mass of the pancreas [19]
- 50 - 300 micrometers in diameter
- Several types of cells:
- Beta cells
- 70 % všech [19], 65–80% of all the cells [15]
- In the core of the islet
- Alpha cells
- Okolo beta buněk
- Secrete glucagon
- Delta cells
- Smaller numbers
- Secrete somatostatin
- PP cells
- Secrete pancreatic polypeptide [19]
- All of the cells communicate
- Extracellular spaces
- Gap junctions
- A neurovascular bundle enters each islet through the central core of beta cells
- Arterioles
- Branch to form capillaries that pass between the cells to the periphery of the islet
- Centrifugally so that the different cell types are supplied
- Beta - alfa - delta
- Then enter the portal venous circulation [18]
- Sympathetic - adrenergic
- Inhibit insulin
- Stimulate glucagon secretion [19]
- parasympathetic nerves from the vagus [19]
- Stimulates insulin release
- Peptidergic nerve fibers
- Originate within the pancreas
- Contain peptides [19]
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
- Stimulates the release of all islet hormones [19]
- Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
- Inhibits insulin secretion [19]
