leky-latky/laktat/mereni

Causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis

• L-lactic acidosis
• Propylene glycol
• D-lactic acidosis
• Aspirin overdose
• Ketoacidosis
• Toluene
• Alcohol
• Pyroglutamic acid
• Methanol
• Ethylene glycol

Mild to moderate hyperlactatemia

• Blood lactate pod 5 mmol/L
• Causes no specific signs and symptoms

As lactate levels rise above 5 mmol/L

• There is an increasing risk of the clinical manifestations of lactic acidosis
• Tachycardia (increased heart rate)
• Tachypnea (increased respiratory rate)
• Alteration in mental status that can range from mild confusion to coma
• Deep sighing respiration (Kussmaul’s respiration)
• A compensatory response to any form of metabolic acidosis, may be evident
• acutecaretesting.org/en/articles/lactate-and-lactic-acidosis/

• Most labs define normal as
• 0.5 to 2.2 mmol/L for venous blood
• 0.5 to 1.6 mmol/L for arterial blood
• journals.lww.com/nursingcriticalcare/fulltext/2009/09000/measuring_serum_lactate.13.aspx