potraviny/lipidy/saturovane-mk
Délka řetězců
- Little attention is focused on the fact that saturated fatty acids are not a single family of fats but comprise the three subgroups;
Short- (C2–C6) - SCFAs
- Go into the portal blood
- Transported to the liver in much the same way that the carbohydrate
- These short-chain and medium-chain fatty acid molecules also supply energy more rapidly like carbohydrates
- Not re-esterified inside the intestinal mucosa
- Bound to and transported with albumin in the blood directly
- Often represent the only option for fat absorption in patients whose fatty acid absorption mechanisms are defective
- Advantage of being absorbed quantitatively in the intestinal lumen
- Even with reduced lipase activity
Medium- (C8–C12) - MCFA
- Medium chain free fatty acids and monoglycerides
- Absorbed intact from the small intestine
- Do not undergo degradation and re-esterification processes
- Directly used in the body to produce energy
- Widely used in infant formulas, nutritional drinks for athletes and intravenous lipid infusions
Long- (C14–C24) chain fatty acids - LCFAs
- Ultimately transported by carriers in the lymph system called chylomicrons
- Manufactured in the intestinal cells for the purpose of transporting these exogenous fat molecules
- Transported by the chylomicrons to the liver or to other tissues
- Cell oxidation takes place in the peroxisomes and mitochondria
- If the cells do not immediately need the energy molecule, the small units that have been formed
- Shunted into the synthesis of fatty acids
- As triglycerides, they are stored in adipose tissue
Slow digestion of fat
- Allows for the gradual release of energy
- Helps the body to absorb more of the nutrients that come along with the fat
