Rizika a příčiny nedostatku vitamínu C

High sugar

• In the intestines or in the blood
• Can slow absorption ::12:

Cigarette smokers and people exposed to secondhand smoke

• Have lower plasma vitamin C levels than nonsmokers
• Inhalation of smoke causes oxidative damage, depleting this antioxidant
• U.S. Institute of Medicine estimated that smokers need 35 mg more vitamin C per day
• Did not formally establish a higher RDA for smokers [12]

Fruit and vegetable supply is minimal

• Famine
• War
• When people are forced to become refugees

Overweight per se

• Result in reduced plasma VitC
• Distribution of body fat in obesity
• Inverse relationship with VitC plasma levels
• VitC status correlates inversely with e.g., BMI [3]
• Significantly decreased in obese compared with lean individuals [3]
• Obese individuals have been shown to consume less dietary VitC [3]
• Obese women were found to consume less fruits and vegetables compared to lean controls [3]

Zánět chronický

• Snížení kapacity pro regeneraci askorbátu
• Vzniká systémový deficit vitaminu C
• Řada chronických onemocnění je doprovázena subklinickým deficitem vitaminu C
• Vlastní příčinou přechodu zánětu do chronicity
• Následné poruchy orgánových funkcí
• Poruchy hojení ran
• Snížená tolerance stresu
• X funkcí imunity aj.

Zánět

• During infection or physical trauma
• Increase in the number of circulating leukocytes occurs
• Take up vitamin C from the plasma [4]
• Both plasma and leukocyte levels may not be very precise indicators of body content at such times [4]
• Leukocyte ascorbate
• Remains a better indicator of vitamin C status than plasma ascorbate most of the time
• Only in the period immediately after the onset of an infection are both values unreliable [4]