Terapie - regenerace beta-buněk a sekrece inzulínu
DM1 výzkum klin. 2013
Primary prevention studies in infants with high genetic risk
- Dietary manipulations,
- Including infant formulas free of either cow's milk or of bovine insulin
- Infant formula supplemented with the omega-3-fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid
- Delayed introduction of gluten-containing foods
- vitamin D supplementation
Secondary prevention studies in both children and adults with diabetes autoantibodies.
- nicotinamide, insulin injections, oral insulin, nasal insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and cyclosporine.
- Underway are secondary prevention studies with teplizumab and with abatacept.
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23231526/
Mechanismy zvýšení masy beta-buněk
Replication
- Of the existing ß-cells
Neogensis
- From pancreatic precursor ‘stem cells’
Trans-differentiation
- From fully-differentiated alfa-cells into ß-cells
- Recovery after chemical-induced destruction of ß-cells
- 30–80% of regenerated ß-cells derived from alfa-cells [14]
- Alpha cells in mice could transform into beta cells without any artificial interference
- Beta cells in the pancreas were destroyed
- Mice were kept alive by insulin injections
- After six months, the pancreases regenerated 4-17% of the beta cells that the mice possessed before
- Can provide sufficient insulin to keep their blood sugar level nearly normal without insulin injections [62]
- DM1
- Immune system is very efficient
- Existing beta cells are unlikely to survive from its continuous attack
- Small amount of existing beta cells must come from the alpha-beta conversion
- Cca 5% of alpha cells converted to beta cells [62]
Increase in cell size
- Up-regulation of protein synthesis
- Exact molecular mechanism is unclear [14]
Inhibice apoptózy
- Mnohé antioxidanty
Co vše podporuje regeneraci beta buněk a jejich funkci nebo brání jejich apoptóze
Upozornění !!!
Konzumace dohledaných doplňků a potravin
Nemusí zajistit potřebnou koncentraci účinných látek přímo ve slinivce
Mnohé studie proběhly pouze ve zkumavce na buněčných kulturách
Mohou mít nežádoucí účinky na jiné tkáně
U exotických rostlin /běžně nekonzumovaných částí rostlin je nejprve zapotřebí zkontrolovat údaje o jedlosti a případné toxicitě
V prodávané či pojídané podobě nemusí být účinné
Mohou být velké rozdíly v tom, jaká část rostliny se použije a jak se zpracuje či skladuje, popřípadě i kde se pěstuje a za jakých podmínek
Může vznikat interakce / destrukce / nepřítomnost účinné látky v daném produktu / při určitém typu zpracování
Na druhou stranu - něco jíst musíme a i malý efekt je cenný efekt a byla by škoda ho nevyužít ve svůj prospěch
Prošla bych si tedy podrobně seznam potravin a rostlin a ty, které by pro mne byly běžně dostupné, bych si zařadila k denní konzumaci a nad rámec toho bych si vybrala dle referencí ještě nějaké potravní doplňky, které bych vždy užívala nějakou dostatečně dlouhou dobu, klidně i v kombinacích a občas bych zkusila nějaký nový. Tyto všechny věci mohou mít největší efekt, pokud se spojí vše dohromady, ideálně do uceleného systému s mmoha dalšími léčebnými prvky jako je například stravovací systém metabolic balance ).
Abroma augusta - Abroma fastuosum Jacq. - Theobroma augusta L. - Abroma fastuosa R.Br. - Abroma mollis DC. - Devil’s cotton - perennial Indian hemp - abroma (En)- Abrome - abrome royal (Fr)- Abroma
- ALO-induced diabetic rabbits
- Aqueous extract of leaves (2 mL/kg, twice daily, PO) for 21 days
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG,
- ˇblood urea,
- ˇserum creatinin (Mir, Darzi, Mir, 2013) [96]
- Locally been used for making ropes, fishing nets and hammocks
- In India and New Guinea the leaves are occasionally eaten.
- The seed is edible as well.
- The species has been proposed for reforestation in Asia, as it is able to control cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.)
- It is sometimes grown as an ornamental.
- Used in traditional medicine in India, Bangladesh and other Asian countries
- Treatment of menstruation disorders (root, root bark, stem, heartwood, stem bark, leaves, flower, whole plant
- Gonorrhoea (root, root bark, heartwood, stems, leaves)
- Diabetes (root, bark, leaves, whole plant)
- Skin problems (root, leaf juice, seed oil, whole plant)
- Antifertility agent (root)
- Aphrodisiac (root, stem, leaves, whole plant)
- Plants are covered with irritating hairs, making handling very unpleasant and causing dermatitis in sensitive persons.
Dostupné formy
Acacia Catechu - khair - kachu - kher - catechu - cachou - cutchtree - black cutch - black catechu - Acacia catechuoides (Roxb.) Benth. - Acacia sundra (Roxb.) Bedd. - Acacia wallichiana DC. - Mimosa catechu L.f. - Mimosa catechuoides Roxb. - Jerusalem thorn - Akácie katechová
- Contain Epicatechin [155]
- Responsible for regeneration of pancreatic ß cells
- In eastern medicine to treat diabetes mellitus
Dostupné formy
Adiponektin
- Inhibuje v krysí beta-buňce apoptózu indukovanou jak palmitátem, tak cytokiny [57]
- Exclusively secreted from adipose tissue (and also from the placenta in pregnancy [111]
- Levels of the hormone are inversely correlated with body fat percentage in adults [111]
- Increased adiponectin
- Impaired adipocyte differentiation [111]
- Increased energy expenditure in mice associated with protein uncoupling [111]
- Adiponectin in combination with leptin has been shown to completely reverse insulin resistance in mice [111]:
- Females having higher levels than males [111]
- Obesity is associated with decreased adiponectin [111]
Adiponektin v krvi zvyšuje
- During caloric restriction in animals and humans
- In patients with anorexia nervosa [111]
- Adipose tissue within bone marrow increases during caloric restriction, contributes [111]
- Exercise induced release of adiponectin
- Increased hippocampal growth
- Led to antidepressive symptoms in mice [111]
- Některé statiny mohou zvyšovat hladiny adiponektinu [111]
- Extracts of sweet potatoes
- Reported to increase levels of adiponectin [111]
Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. - Aegle marmelos var. mahurensis Zate - Belou marmelos (L.) Lyons - Bilacus marmelos (L.) Kuntze - Crateva marmelos L. - Aegle marmelos Correa - Oslizák líbezný
- In clinical studies has shown
- To improve the functional state of pancreatic beta cells
- Increasing the uptake of glucose by the cells
- STZ-induced diabetic rats by oral administration for 30 days
- AM bark extract contained antihyperglycemic constituents, aegelin (1.27% w/w) and lupeol (0.29% w/w)
- AM at 200 and 400 mg/kg in diabetic rats showed significant
- Reduction in blood glucose level by 19.14% and 47.32%
- Increases of insulin level
- Regenerative effect of AM on the ß-cells of diabetic rats [154]
- Increased insulin-immunoreactive ß-cells [154]
- Efekt na diabetickou neuropatii u krys [156]
- Dose dependent
- Maximum dose dependent increase observed at a dose of 100 mg kg [156]
- Administration of yohimbine prior to AME was found to attenuate the protective effect of AME [156]
- Další studie - extrakt z listů, potkani s ALO-DM1
Dostupné formy
Alchornea cordifolia - Iporuru, iporoni, iporuro, ipururo, ipurosa, macochihua, niando, pajaro
- ALO-induced diabetic rabbits
- Ethanolic extract of leaves (250 & 500 mg/kg, PO) for 28 days
- Regeneration of beta cells (at 500 mg/kg) (Eliakim-Ikechukwu, Obri, 2009) [96]
- The leaves, roots and stem bark contain
- Terpenoids [112]
- Steroid glycosides [112]
- flavonoids, tannins, saponins
- Carbohydrates
- Imidazopyrimidine alkaloids
- Alchorneine, alchornidine [112]
- Guanidine alkaloids
- Leaves also contain
- Hydroxybenzoic acids
- Gallic acid and its ethyl ester
- Gentisic acid
- Anthranilic acid [112]
- Protocatechuic acid
- Ellagic acid (alizarine yellow) [112]
- Seed oil
- C20 homolog of vernolic acid named alchornoic acid [112]
Dostupné formy
Allium sativum - Česnek - Garlic
Consumption of garlic
- Decreases fasting blood glucose, lipids in diabetic patients
- It may also induce a protective/regenerative effect on pancreatic beta cells
- Herbal remedy
- Antioxidant
- Antihypertensive
- Anticancer effects (Afshari et al., 2006; Ashraf et al., 2013; Benkeblia, 2005; Hajzadeh et al., 2006) [89]
Gallic acid
- Preserves beta cell function
- Exhibits insulin-secreting action (PMID: 19610036)
- Claimed to possess antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects
- RINm5F beta-cells were exposed to high glucose (25 muM) or palmitate (500 muM) or a combination of both for 24 h in the presence and absence of gallic acid
- RINm5F beta-cells subjected to glucolipotoxicity exhibited
- Increased DNA damage [89]
- Apoptotic markers [89]
- NFkappaB signals [89]
- All these apoptotic perturbations were resisted by gallic acid
- Gallic acid dose-dependently
- Increased insulin secretion in RINm5F beta-cells [89]
- Upregulated mRNA of PDX-1 and insulin [89]
- Insulin-secretagogue [89]
- Transcriptional regulatory action of gallic acid [89]
Intraperitoneal injection of A. sativum oil
- Decreased beta cell degeneration
- Level of anti-islet antibodies in the animals with T1D (Osman et al., 2012) [89]
- Regenerative action of this oil in the pancreatic islets of diabetic rats [89]
- (10 & 20 mg/kg, IP) for 30 days
- Regeneration of pancreatic islets (at 20 mg/kg)
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin,
- ˇweight lost (Alashkham et al., 2013) [96]
Aqueous extract
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract (100 mg/kg/day) for 30 days
- ^islets diameter
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Albajali et al., 2011) [96]
- Aqueous extract of A. sativum
- Increased the diameter of pancreatic islets in STZ-induced diabetic rats [89]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
Allicin
- Major active component of A. sativum
- Precursor of many secondary compounds formed in crushed garlic or aged garlic
- Proposed to be responsible for the health promotion benefits of A. sativum and protective actions in pancreatic islets (Osman et al., 2012) [96]
- (8 & 16 mg/kg, IP) for 30 days
- ˇanti-islet cell antibodies
- ˇbeta cell degeneration
- ^serum insulin
- ˇFBG
- ^weight lost (Osman et al., 2012) [96]
- Hepatoprotective property (Vimal, Devaki, 2004) [96]
Amaranthus caudatus - laskavec ocasatý
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of leaves (200 & 400 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Slight regeneration of beta cells (at 400 mg/kg)
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight lost
- ˇserum lipids (Girija et al., 2011) [96]
Dostupné formy
- Semena
- Zrno amarantu
- TML Amarantový olej (laskavec ocasatý) 50ml
- Za studena lisovaný olej s antioxidanty, kyselinou linolovou, skvalenem a vitamínem E
- Elit phito Drť z amarantu (laskavec ocasatý) 100g ELIT
- Drť ze semínek Amarantu 100% (100g) (Laskavec ocasatý)
- Drť z amarantu, Laskavec ocasatý 250g RICH
- Amarantus Amaranthus caudatus 200 g - mouka
- Amarantová mouka - různé druhy na Heureka.cz
Amaranthus spinosus - laskavec trnitý
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of leaves (200 & 400 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Slight regeneration of beta cells (at 400 mg/kg)
- ˇFBG
- ˇweight lost
- ˇserum lipids (Girija et al., 2011) [96]
Dostupné formy
Amaranthus viridis - laskavec blít - laskavec zelený
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of leaves (200 & 400 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Slight regeneration of beta cells (at 400 mg/kg)
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight lost,
- ˇserum lipids (Girija et al., 2011) [96]
Dostupné formy
- Asi někde jako plevel
Anacardium occidentale - cashew tree - kešuovník - Ledvinovník západní
- Tropical evergreen tree that produces the cashew seed and the cashew apple
- Processed into cashew cheese or cashew butter
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- A. occidentale extract (300 & 500 mg/kg, twice daily) for 28 days
- Regeneration of pancreatic beta cells
- ˇFBG (Bassey, Eliakim-Ikechukw, Ihentuge, 2012) [96]
Dostupné formy 
- Kešu - oříšky
- Solené
- Pražené
- Natural ( natural solené )
- Dražované kešu v čokoládě, karobu nebo jogurtu
- Nakládané v medu
- Kešu máslo
- často je vyrobené z pražených orechov a často tiež obsahuje pridanej soli a palmový alebo požltový olej, ktorým získa krémovejšia chuť. Vždy je lepšie si ho vyrobiť doma
- GoNutrition Kešu máslo 1000g
- MyProtein Kešu máslo 1kg
- Bio Today Bio Kešu máslo 170 g
Anastatica hierochuntica "Kaff Maryam" - "Rose of Jericho" - Resurrection Plant - Choulivka jerišská - Myagrum hierochunticum - „Ruce panny Marie“
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract (12.5 mg/rat, PO) for 2 weeks
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG (Rahmy, El-Ridi, 2002) [96]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract (100 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- ^volume density of islets
- ^percentage of beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇweight lost,
- ˇliver enzymes activity,
- ^antioxidant enzymes activity (Shaban, Al-Azzawie, Mohamme, 2011) [96]
- Brassicaceae family
- Folk medicinal plants widely used in Arab countries (Daur, 2012; Shaban, Al-Azzawie, Mohamme, 2011)
- Aqueous and methanolic extracts
- Antioxidative
- Hypoglycemic
- Hypolipidemic effects in diabetic rats (Rahmy, El-Ridi, 2002; Shaban, Al-Azzawie, Mohamme, 2011)
- Beneficial effects on pancreatic beta cells
- Increased the number of beta cells in pancreatic islets of diabetic rats [96]
Dostupné formy
- http://www.darkyla.cz/ruze-z-jericha
- originalnidarecky.cz/pestitelske-darky/26479-ruze-z-jericha-5903181041402.html
- Vysoká pravděpodobnost záměny druhu za:
- Selaginella lepidophylla (někdy „nepravá růže z Jericha“)
- Rostlina (vraneček) patřící mezi plavuňové a vyskytující se v pouštních
Annona muricata - Soursop - anona měkkoostenná, láhevník měkkoostenný - láhevník ostnitý - quanabana, guanabana, velký či ostnitý corossol, ostnitý cachiman, graviola - Annona bonplandiana - Annona cearaensis - Annona graviola - Annona macrocarpa - Annona muricata var. borinquensis - Annona sericea - Guanabanus muricatus
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract of leaves (100 mg/kg, PO) for 25 days
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin,
- ˇoxidative stress indexes in blood (Adewole, Caxton-martins, 2006) [96]
- Methanolic extract of leaves (100 mg/kg, IP) for 2 weeks
- ^islets number
- ^beta cell number,
- ˇinflammatory infiltration
- ˇFBG (Adeyemi et al., 2008) [96]
- Annonaceae family
- Small tree
- All parts are used in natural medicine in the tropical areas in South and North America and west of Africa (Adewole, Caxton-Martins, 2006)
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Extract of A. muricata leaves
- Can increase the number of islets and beta cells in pancreas (Adewole, Caxton-Martins, 2006; Adeyemi et al., 2008) [96]
- The compound annonacin
- Contained in the seeds of soursop [113]
- Neurotoxin associated with neurodegenerative disease [113] podobné Parkinsonově chorobě
- Reduction of oxidative stress of pancreatic ß-cells of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
- Increased area of insulin immunoreactive ß-cells
- Protection against degeneration of ß-cells [137]
Dostupné formy
- šťávy, koncetrované extrakty, listy, čaje, kapsle, semena
- Srovnání cen
- Heureka
Anoectochilus roxburghii - otevřenopysk, anektochilus, Orchideacae - roxburghii – Roxbourův, terrestr. orchidej
- Pův. Vietnam, Thajsko, Laos
- Increases pancreatic beta cell regeneration [106]
- One of the original plants used for diabetes [106]
- Kinsenoside
- Major constituent isolated from A. roxburghii’s n-butanol extract [106]
- Exhibited antihyperglycemic activity in STZ-treated rats at dose of 15 mg/kg [106]
- More intact pancreatic beta cells were observed in the islets in the kinsenoside-treated group [106]
- Glucose tolerance was improved [106]
- Hypoglycemic effect could be partially attributed to pancreatic beta cell regeneration [106]
- Protective property and hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity [106]
Dostupné formy
Artanema sesamoides Benth (Scrophuilariaceae) is a synonym of Artanema longifolium (L.) Vatke
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of aerial parts (200 & 400 mg/kg, PO) for 14 days
- ˇnecrosis of islet cells,
- ˇdegeneration of the islets
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇliver enzymes activity,
- ˇliver and kidney damage,
- ^antioxidant defense in liver and kidney (Selvan et al., 2008) [96]
Antioxidanty
- Dobrá / kompenzatorní regenerace beta-buněk, odolnost vůči oxidačnímu stresu [14]
ATF6 - activating transcription factor 6
- Synthesized as a transmembrane protein that is embedded in the ER
- Too much ER stress is bad for beta cells
- Modest amount of stress is actually good for them
- Provides pressure to increase beta cell number to produce more insulin and keep blood sugar regulated [90]
- ER stress pathway send a signal to the cell nucleus via ATF6 ("proliferate") [90]
- Only fully mature insulin-producing beta cells
- Are able to use this stress mechanism to sense that the body needs more insulin than the current beta cells can provide [90]
- Identified as a survival factor for quiescent but not proliferative squamous carcinoma cells [115]
- Association of polymorphisms in this gene with diabetes in different populations [115]
- Another polymorphism has been associated with increased plasma cholesterol levels [115]
Stimulován
- Serum response factor
- Accumulation of misfolded proteins
- In the Endoplasmic Reticulum results in the proteolytic cleavage of ATF6 [115]
- Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor
- Activates target genes for the unfolded protein response (UPR) during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [115]
- Cytosolic portion of ATF6 will move to the nucleus
- Act as a transcription factor to cause the transcription of ER chaperones
Avocado - Alligator pear seed (Persea americana mill) 
- Blood glucose and histopathology of pancreas in alloxan-induced diabetic rats [71]
- Administration of aqueous extract of alligator pear seed [71]
- May contribute significantly to the reduction of blood glucose levels [71]
- Restorative (protective) effect of the extract on pancreatic islet cells in histologic study [71]
- Can be useful in the treatment of diabetes [71]
Dostupné formy
- Běžně v obchodě !!!
- Piascledine - lék na artrózu na bázi avok. extraktů
- Máslo
Ayahuasca - entheogen připravovaný z liány Banisteriopsis caapi a dalších rostlin
- Banisteriopsis caapi - "liána duše" - yagé
- Jménem ayahuasca se označuje též samotná liána
- Někdy se nápoj připravuje pouze z ní [114]
- Běžně se k ní ale přidávají listy rostlin obsahující dimethyltryptamin (DMT)
- Podle potřeby někdy i rozličné jiné rostliny [114]
- Tradičně se dřevo Banisteriopsis caapi rozřeže na takové kusy, které se vejdou do hrnce, roztluče, nechá se máčet a následně se vaří
- Může trvat i několik hodin [114]
- Liána je sbírána buď divoce rostoucí, nebo je kultivována [114]
- Banisteriopsis caapi obsahuje
- Harmalové alkaloidy
- Harmin
- Harmalin
- Tetrahydroharmin [114]
- Inhibitory monoaminooxidázy B (MAO-B)
- Epicatechin
- Procyanidin B2
- Zároveň silným antioxidantem [114]
- A chemical found in ayahuasca
- Has the potential to regenerate pancreas cells that have been lost to diabetes [91]
Harmin
- Harmin a harmalin
- Selektivní reverzibilní inhibitory monoaminooxidázy A (MAO-A) [114]
- Harmin izolovaný z ayahuascy
- Byl nejprve pojmenován telepatin [114]
- Později se ukázalo, že jde o již dříve objevenou sloučeninu [114]
Dostupné formy 
Peganum Harmala - Wild Rue - Harmal seeds - Esphand - Espand - Persian rue - hermal seeds - Syrian rue - harmala stepní - lesní routa turecká - přespolní turecká routa (Huber 1596) - routa (Vusín 1729) - harmala mnohodílná
- Plant of the family Nitrariaceae
- Flowering plant in the Middle East, South American vines
- Known psychoactive effects on the brain
- Traditional use in spiritual ceremonies and as medicine [107]
Harmine
- Caused beta cell proliferation
- C-MYC pathway appeared
- When activated in high doses, caused beta cell death
- Harmine causes only modest increases in c-MYC levels, and no beta cell death [107]
Harmalogs
- Drug candidates that target only beta cells [107]
Dostupné formy
- Peganum harmala - semena - vykuřovadlo
- Peganum harmala - semena k pěstování
- Senema
- Semena na Zbozi.cz
Azadirachta indica - Neem - Nimtree - Indian Lilac - Azadirac de l'Inde - margosier - margousier - Zederach indický
- Tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae
- Typically grown in tropical and semi-tropical regions
- Its fruits and seeds are the source of neem oil
- Neem oil can cause some forms of toxic encephalopathy and ophthalmopathy if consumed in large quantities
- Decreases the blood sugar level [133]
- Prevents Adrenaline-induced hyperglycaemia [133] ( u feochromocytomu s DM !!)
- Beta Cell Regenerating Potential of Extract in Diabetic Rats (PMID: 26716795)
- 0.8% neem leaf extract (NLE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats.
- 0.8% w/v NLE in tap water [84]
- Improved weight gain and ß-cell regeneration
- Did not reduce blood glucose
- Serum insulin increased slightly [84]
- NLE has beta cell regenerating potential [84]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Alcoholic extract of leaves (400 mg/kg, twice daily, PO) for 14 days
- Regeneration of new islets
- ˇFBG (Ebong et al., 2006) [96]
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of leaves (500 mg/kg, twice daily, PO) for 50 days
- ^beta cell density
- ˇpancreatic lipid hydroperoxide levels
- ˇFBG (Akinola, Caxton-Martins, Dini, 2010) [96]
- A tree in the mahogany family
- Well-known medicinal plants in Africa [96]
- Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects among diabetic patients (Kochhar, Sharma, Schdeva, 2009; Kumari, 2010) [96]
- Regenerative effect on the islets of Langerhans
- Oral feeding of ethanolic extract of A. indica leaves increased beta cell density and decreased oxidative stress in the pancreas [96]
- Hepatoprotective property (Oyewole, 2011; Ezz-Din et al., 2011) [96]
- Nephroprotective action A. indica (Ezz-Din et al., 2011) [96]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
Dostupné formy
- Drť listy
- Prášky, zubní pasta, olej, šampón, extrakt
- Zubní pasty
- Šampony s neemem protli lupům a přemaštění
- Vlasové vody
- Obličejové masky, desinficiencia na obličej
- Pleťová maska
- Repelenty
- Insekticidy
- Čaje z nimby
- Mletá kůra
Bauhinia variegata - Bauhínie pestrá
- Je jedním z asi 250 druhů rodu bauhínie
- Rostlina obsahuje množství flavonoidů, např. kempferol, kvercetin, myricetin, ombuin, rutin, isokvercitrosid, hesperidin, naringenin [116]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanol extract of bark (500 mg/kg, PO) for 15 days
- Restored the cellular size and number of islets towards normal
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids (Koti et al., 2009) [96]
Dostupné formy
Berberine
- Used to treat DM for more than 1400 years in China
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
- Protective effect of berberine on beta cells in SZO- and high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats (PMID: 19374872) [72]
- 16 weeks, untreated control, untreated diabetic, 75, 150, 300 mg/kg berberine-treated diabetic, 100 mg/kg fenofibrate-treated, and 4 mg/kg rosiglitazone-treated
- Mitochondrial vacuolization and swelling, dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum were observed in beta cells of diabetic rats [72]
- The pancreatic islet area atrophied and secretory granules of beta cells decreased in diabetic rats
- Slight pathological changes existed in beta cells of 150, 300 mg/kg berberine-treated diabetic pancreas [72]
- berberine has protective effect for diabetes through increasing:
- Insulin expression
- Beta cell regeneration
- Antioxidant enzyme activity
- Decreasing lipid peroxidation [72]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats berberine (100 & 200 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Moderate expansion of islets
- ˇdamage scores
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇoxidative stress in the heart (Tang et al., 2006) [96]
- STZ- and high carbohydrate/fat diet-induced diabetic rats
- berberine (75-300 mg/kg, PO) for 16 weeks
- ^beta cells number,
- ^insulin expression,
- ˇoxidative stress indexes
- ^serum insulin (Zhou et al., 2009) [96]
- Isoquinoline alkaloid
- Present in the root, rhizome, and stem bark of many plants
- Beneficial effects on hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients (Yin et al., 2008)
- Protective/regenerative effect on pancreas
- Oral administration of berberine
- Decreased the levels of FBG and serum lipids and restored the damage of pancreas tissue in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Increased insulin sensitization, insulin secretion, and beta cell regeneration in STZ- and high carbohydrate/fat diet-induced diabetic rats [96]
- Restored the reduced superoxide dismutase activity
- Snížil lipid peroxidation of pancreas of diabetic animals
- Anti-apoptotic action against beta cell apoptosis in insulin-resistant animal models
- And against palmitate-induced lipoapoptosis in HIT-T15 insulin producing cells (Gao, Zhao, Li, 2011; Wu, Lu, Dong, 2011) [96]
- Can promote axonal regeneration in the injured nerves of rats' peripheral nervous system (Han, Heo, Kwon, 2012) [96]
- Isoquinoline derivative alkaloid isolated from rhizoma coptidis
- Used to treat diabetes in China
- Chronic treatment with berberine
- Increased insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner (1–10 µM) in HIT-T15, MIN6, and mouse islets of Langerhans [106]
- Acute treatment with high concentrations (50 µM for 1 h)
- Reduced insulin secretion [106]
- The different cell types and experimental conditions used
- Lowered hyperglycemia, improved insulin resistance
- Stimulated pancreatic beta cell regeneration in type 2 diabetic animals
- Feeding of db/db mice with berberine (380 mg/kg)
- Weight loss [106]
- Improvement in glucose tolerance [106]
- Daily administration of berberine for four weeks to STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Significantly reduced oral glucose tolerance [106]
- Randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial after three months of treatment with berberine in type 2 diabetic patients
- Decreased fasting and postprandial plasma glucose [106]
- Body weight reduction [106]
- Meta-analysis study with 1068 participants
- Berberine's strong yellow color, Berberis species were used to dye wool, leather, and wood [117]
- Under ultraviolet light, berberine shows a strong yellow fluorescence
- Berberine is usually found in the roots, rhizomes, stems, and bark [117]
Rhizoma coptidis - Coptis chinensis Franch - Chinese goldthread, ch'uan-lien, coptis, coptis rhizome, gold thread, huang lian, huang-lien, huánglián, oren, Perlenschnur, weilian - Coptis deltoides C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao - Coptis, gold thread, huang lian, huang-lien, huánglián, yalian - Coptis japonica Makino - Coptis, coptis rhizome, oren - oddenek koptisu čínského
- The major constituents are berberine and related protoberberine alkaloids (3, 8, 10)
- berberine
- (C. chinensis: 5–7%; C. deltoides: 4– 8%; C. japonica: 7–9%) [118]
- Palmatine
- (C. chinensis: 1–4%; C. deltoides: 1–3%; C. japonica: 0.4–0.6%) [118]
- Coptisine
- (C. chinensis: 0.8–2%; C. deltoides: 0.8–1%; C. japonica: 0.4–0.6%) [118]
- Berberastine
- (C. chinensis: 1%; C. deltoides: 1%; C. japonica: trace) [118]
- Coptis chinensis extrakty a prášky na Alibaba.com
- V bylinkových směsích - kapsle
- Kořen coptis na Alibaba
Berberis vulgaris - barberry - dřišťál obecný [96]
- Nebezpečná může být dávka nad 20 plodů (bobulí, semen) [119]
- berberin ve vyšší dávce neurotoxický [119]
- Tablety
- Další produkty
Berberis aristata - B. bussmul - B. coccinea - B. coerulescens - B. elegans - B. gracilis - B. gracillima - B. macrophylla - B. serratifolia - B. umbellata - B. undulata - tree turmeric - dřišťál osinatý - Dřišťál chitria
Hydrastis canadensis - goldenseal - - Goldenseal - orangeroot - yellow puccoon - Vodilka kanadská
- Obsahují berberin
- Produkty na Alibaba
Xanthorhiza simplicissima - yellowroot - žlutokořen jednoduchý
- Obsahují berberin
Phellodendron amurense - Amur cork tree - korkovník amurský
- Obsahují berberin
- http://www.zahradnictvi-spomysl.cz/produkt/1660/korkovnik_amursky
- Produkty na Alibaba
Argemone mexicana - prickly poppy - pleskanka mexická - Echtrus mexicanus ( L. ) Nieuwl., Papaver mexicanum ( L. ) E. H. L. Krause - pleskanka kolcatá (Presl 1846)
Eschscholzia californica - Californian poppy - sluncovka kalifornská
- Obsahují berberin
- Semena rostlin
Mahonia aquifolium - Berberis aquifolium - Oregon grape [96] – mahónie cesmínolistá
- berberin z plodů zpracováním nebo usušením téměř mizí [120]
- V plně zralých plodech je ho pouze stopové neškodné množství, uvádí se 0,015 % [120]
- V kořenech, kůře a listech je berberinu podstatně více a to už může být toxické
- Příznakem otravy berberinem je nevolnost [120]
- http://www.zbozi.cz/hledani/?q=mahonie%20cesminolista,Produkty
- Semena
Mohonia nervosa (Ye et al., 2009) [96] - Berberis nervosa Pursh - Mahonia glumacea DC. - Odostemon nervosus (Pursh) Rydb - mahonie žilnatá
Betatropin
- Increases the production of new insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas [90]
- Released from the liver and fat
- Over-expression of betatrophin in the liver causes
- Dramatic and specific pancreatic beta cell replication [90]
- Beta cell mass expansion [90]
- Hormone found both in mice and humans
- Controls and could potentially jump start pancreatic beta cell production
- Betatrophin prompts the body to create a protein that “significantly and specifically promotes pancreatic beta cell proliferation
- Naturally occurs in human livers and in mice livers and fat
- Injected betatrophin expression constructs into the livers of mice
- Over the eight-day period in which the betatrophin lasted
- Beta cell production increased by an average of almost 5 % [108]
- Instead of a daily injection of insulin [108]
- Weekly or even less frequent injection of betatrophin could result in more pancreatic beta cells [108]
- Which would naturally improve insulin regulation in diabetics [108]
Bitter gourd - Momordica charantia - Momordika - hořká okurka - thajský bitter-melon
- Stimulates beta cell regeneration in diabetic rats (PMID: 18254212)
- Regeneration of beta cells in islets of Langerhans of pancreas of alloxan diabetic rats by acetone extract of Momordica charantia (Linn.) (bitter gourd) fruits.
- In doses 25, 50 and 75 mg/100 g body weight lowered the blood glucose from 13.30 to 50% after 8 to 30 days treatment
- Antihyperglycemic effect
- Different phases of recovery of beta cells of the islets
- The presence of small scattered islets among the acinar tissue in some experimental animals [73]
- The liver of alloxan diabetic rats
- Hydropic degeneration
- Fatty change [73]
- Necrosis at some places
- Liver of extract treated animals was normal [73]
Dostupné formy
Borage Seed Oils from Borago officinalis (borage) - olej z brutnáku lékařského
- Very rich in Gamma Linolenic Acid (24% GLA)
- Clinical study
- Shown to reverse the Diabetic Neuropathy [104] !!!
Dostupné formy
- Semena, kapsle, olej
Brutnák lékařský ze semene mi roste na zahradě snadno a nenáročně
Camellia sinensis - green tea
- Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)
- Polyphenolic bioactive compound [106]
- Against various diseases, including diabetes
- Protects against cytokine-, reactive oxygen species- (ROS-), and glucose-induced toxicity
- Dose-dependently protected against cytokine-induced cell death in RIN-m5F cells
- By the downregulation of inducible NO synthase expression
- Through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kapa B activation [106]
- Protected RIN-m5F cells
- Against high glucose-induced impairment of insulin secretion [106]
- A diet supplemented with EGCG ingested for 7 weeks in ZDF rats and db/db mice
- Improved oral glucose tolerance [106]
- EGCG four days (5 mg/kg/day) to STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Impaired insulin secretion stimulated by high glucose loading [106]
- EGCG (5–100 µM) treatment of HIT-T15 cells with
- Decreased cell viability [106]
- Increased apoptotic cell death concomitant with the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ROS [106]
- Controlling the EGCG concentration is difficult under experimental conditions
- Several studies demonstrated a potential antidiabetic effect of green tea in healthy subjects
- no significant effect in diabetic patients [106]
- Healthy Japanese subjects acute and high doses of EGCG-concentrated green tea supplement
- Controlled postprandial hyperglycemia [106]
- Long-term study in type 2 diabetic adults who consumed green tea extract
- no hypoglycemic effect was observed [106]
- Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- Enhances insulin secretion
- Inhibits pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
Dostupné produkty
Carica papaya - C. papaya - papája obecná
- Family Caricaceae
- In most of the tropical countries
- In traditional medicine for the treatment of various human diseases including diabetes, obesity, and infection
- The leaves of C. papaya show antidiabetic actions
- Flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins
- The aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves (0.75 g and 1.5 g/100?mL) in STZ-induced and alloxan-induced diabetic rats [106]
- Significantly reduced plasma blood glucose levels
- Serum cholesterol [106]
- Serum triacylglycerol [106]
- Significantly induced the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells [106]
- Little information exists on the antidiabetic effect of C. papaya in humans [106]
Dostupné formy
- Běžně v obchodě !!!
Cassia alata - kasie křídlatá
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of leaves (500 mg/kg, twice daily, PO) for 28 days
- Regeneration of beta cells
- ˇFBG (Eliakim-Ikechukwu et al., 2013) [96]
Dostupné formy
Cassia atroviridis Span., Cassia autropurpurea Benth., Cassia canca Cav., Cassia esculenta Roxb., Cassia frutescens Mill., Cassia geminiflora Schrank, Cassia linearis Michx., Cassia lineata Michx., Cassia occidentalis var. glabra DC., Cassia occidentalis var. sophera (L.) Kuntze, Cassia patula Aiton, Cassia proboscidea Pollard, Cassia sophera Wall., Cassia sophera L., Cassia sopheroides Roxb., Cassia torosa Cav., Chamaefistula sophera G. Don, Ditremexa sophera (L.) Britton et Wilson, Senna occidentalis var. sophera (L.) X. Y. Zhu - Senna Sophera - kasie západní
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract of whole plant (200 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Partial restoration of cellular population and size of islet cells
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids (Verma et al., 2010) [96]
Dostupné formy
CDKs
Cell cycle inhibitors
- P16INK4a, p18INK4c, p21CIP1, p27Kip1, p53, Rb
- Beta cell-specific inactivation of the Rb gene
- Minimal effect on beta cell replication rates, pancreatic insulin content, and beta cell mass [65]
- Loss of a single cell cycle inhibitor
- Does not accelerate beta cell cell cycle progression [65]
- Loss of multiple inhibitors
- Enhances beta cell proliferation [65]
Cell cycle activators in the beta cell
- Rodent beta cells express only
- Cdk4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4)
- Not Cdk6, most other cell types express both [65]
- Loss of a single cell cycle activator
- Leads to profound defects in beta cell replication and beta cell mass [65]
- Loss of Cdk4 leads to reduction in
- MRNA levels of insulin I, insulin II
- Islet amyloid polypeptide
- Glut2
- Decreased beta cell area [65]
- Loss of the transcription factor FoxM1 in the pancreatic epithelium
- Decreased postnatal beta cell mass [65]
- Increased nuclear p21 levels [65]
- Decreased Cdk2 activation via reduced Cdc25A phosphatase expression [65]
D cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases
- Promote progression from G phase to S phase
- Loss of cyclin D1 and D2 in beta cells
- no effect on islet size or number
- Not important to embryonic beta cell development [65]
- Cyclin D2 null mutant mice
- Develop diabetes by 9-12 months
- Critical to adult beta cell expansion [65]
- Phosphorylation of threonine 280 (T280) within cyclin D2 limit its stability
- Transgenic mice mutant - cyclin D2 under the insulin promoter, where T280 was mutated to alanine - allowing for increased levels of D2 expression
- Increased beta cell mass at 18-21 months [65]
- Transgenic mice over-expressing cyclin D1
- Increased beta cell proliferation
- Without inducing tumor formation [65]
- Cyclin D3
- Nearly undetectable in mouse islets
- Highly expressed in the human beta cell, with only minimal cyclin D1 and D2 levels noted
- Cyclin D3 over-expression (in isolated human islets), especially in combination with cdk6
- Induced the greatest increase in beta cell proliferation [65]
- When compared with over-expression of other cyclins (D1,2,3, cdk 4, 6) [65]
Cyklin-dependentní kináza 6 (cdk-6)
- Zvýšením exprese této kinázy se buňky začaly množit
- Ef. významně posílen v přítomnosti cyklinu D1
- Po transplantaci lidských beta-buněk ošetřených cyklin-dependentní kinázou 6 a cyklinem D1 do organismu diabetických myší
- se buňky začaly množit a následně u myší normalizovaly glykémii [55]
Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. Cicla) extract - řepa cvikla - mangold - červená řepa
- Caused beta cell regeneration in diabetic rats (PMID: 11025163)
- Hypoglycemic agent by diabetic patients in Turkey
- In a diabetic group given chard extract
- An increase in the number of B cells of Langerhans islets
- Secretory granules were noted
- Many hypertrophic Golgi apparatus and granules of low densities
- no effect on blood glucose and body weight in the normal group
- Reduced the blood glucose value in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic animals
- In a diabetic group given chard, the body weight significantly increased [75]
- May reduce blood glucose levels by regeneration of the B cells [75]
Dostupné formy
- Běžně v obchodě !!!
Clitoria ternatea - Asian pigeonwings - bluebellvine - blue pea - butterfly pea - cordofan pea - Darwin pea - Clitoria albiflora Mattei - Clitoria bracteata Poir. - Clitoria coelestris Siebert et Voss - Clitoria parviflora Raf. - Clitoria philippensis Perr. - Clitoria pilosula Benth. - Clitoria ternatensium Crantz - Lathyrus spectabilis Forssk. - Nauchea ternatea (L.) Descourt. - Ternatea ternatea (L.) Kuntze - Ternatea vulgaris Kunth - Ternatea vulgaris Kuntze - žlonka okázalá (Presl 1846)
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of aerial parts (200 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- ˇnecrosis of islets,
- ˇfibrosis of islets,
- Improvement in beta cell granulation
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight lost,
- ˇserum lipids (Verma, Itankar, Arora, 2013) [96]
Dostupné formy
Coccinia indica - Bryonia acerifolia D. Dietr. - Bryonia alceifolia Willd. - Bryonia barbata Buch.-Ham. ex Cogn. - Bryonia grandis L. - Bryonia sinuosa Wall., nom. inval. - Cephalandra grandis Kurz - Cephalandra indica (Wight et Arn.) Naudin - nom. illeg. - Cephalandra moghadd (Asch.) Broun et Massey - Cephalandra schimperi Naudin - Coccinia cordifolia Cogn. - Coccinia helenae Buscal. et Muschl. - Coccinia indica Wight et Arn. - nom. illeg. - Coccinia loureiriana M. Roem. - Coccinia moghadd (J. F. Gmel.) Asch. - Coccinia moimoi M. Roem. - Coccinia palmatisecta Kotschy - Coccinia schimperi Naudin - Coccinia wightiana M. Roem. - Cucumis pavel Kostel. - Cucurbita dioica Roxb. ex Wight et Arn. - Momordica bicolor Blume - Momordica covel Dennst. - Momordica monadelpha Roxb. - Turia moghadd Forssk. ex J. F. Gmel.
- Telakucha ovoce
- Some effect of extracts on protein metabolic disorders in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes
- Regeneace beta buněk [69]
Dostupné formy
Corn silk - kukuřičné "vlásky"
- Reduces high blood sugar in diabetic mice (type 1) (PMID: 19930631)
- Increasing insulin levels
- Recovering injured beta-cells
- Contains
- proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates
- Ca, K, Mg and Na salts
- Fixed and volatile oils
- Steroids such as sitosterol and stigmasterol
- Alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids [76]
- Has been used as an oral antidiabetic agent in China for decades [76]
- Alloxan and adrenalin induced hyperglycemic mice
- After the mice were orally administered with corn silk extract [76]
- Blood glucose and the HbA1c were significantly decreased [76]
- Level of insulin secretionn was markedly elevated [76]
- Alloxan-damaged pancreatic beta-cells of the mice were partly recovered (15 days later) [76]
- Increased the level of hepatic glycogen [76]
- Action via increasing insulin level as well as recovering the injured beta-cells [76]
Dostupné formy
- Na poli / v obchodě / vlastní pěstování
- například Čaj
Cornus officinalis - Dřín lékařský
- Alcoholic extract of Cornus officinalis [137]
- Can increase GLUT4 mRNA and its protein expression in NIDDM rats
- By promoting proliferation of pancreatic islets
- By increasing postprandial secretion of insulin [137]
- Therefore accelerating the glucose transport [137]
- Methanol extract and its fractions had
- Potent insulin mimic activity on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression
- Ability of fractions to protect beta-cell against toxic challenge [137]
Dostupné formy
Crocus sativus - Saffron - Šafrán setý
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of stigmas (40 mg/kg, IP) for 14 days
- ^beta cell number,
- ^immunoreactivity of insulin in beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Mohajeri, Mousavi, Doustar, 2009) [96]
- Ethanolic extract (200 - 600 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- The animals had normal histological structure (at 600 mg/kg)
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇweight lost,
- ^serum insulin,
- Improved kidney and liver function (Elgazar et al., 2013) [96]
- Perennial stemless herb of the Iridaceae family
- Widely cultivated in Iran, India
- Crocin (crocetin glycoside) and safranal (C10H14O)
- Main constituents of C. sativus
- Responsible for the pharmacological effects
- Safranal
- Antioxidative
- Cytoprotective effects (Alinejad, Ghorbani, Sadeghnia, 2013; Sadeghnia et al., 2013)
- Safranal, C. sativus, and crocin:
- Antihyperglycemic
- Hypolipidemic
- Blood insulin elevating effects in insulin-dependent diabetic animals (Kianbakht, Hajiaghaee, 2011; Mohajeri, Mousavi, Doustar, 2009; Samarghandian et al., 2013)
- Beneficial effects on the histological structure of pancreas (Elgazar, Rezq, Bukhari, 2013)
- Recovery of beta cells and increase of insulin immunoreactivity (Mohajeri, Mousavi, Doustar, 2009)
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
Dostupné formy
Cucurbita ficifolia - Cucurbita melanosperma Gasp. - Pepo ficifolia (Bouché) Britt. - pumpkin - black-seed squash - cidra - fig-leaf gourd - figleaf gourd - fig-leaved gourd - Malabar gourd - pie melon - sidra - Thai marrow - Perennial Pumpkin - Chilacayote - shark fin melon - gila - tykev fíkolistá
- An extract may improve
- Blood glucose levels in diabetics
- Antioxidant effects
- Consuming cucurbita pumpkin extract
- May promote regeneration of damaged pancreatic cells
- Boost levels of insulin-producing beta cells
- Raise insulin levels in the blood [104]
Dostupné formy
Curcumin - diferuloylmethane - kurkumin
- Major constituent of the rhizomatous powder of Curcuma longa [106]
- The NCD possesses antidiabetic actions
- Enhanced pancreatic islets regeneration [69]
- Novel curcumin derivative (NCD) [69]
- Stimulates regeneration of pancreatic islet cells in a type 1 diabetes mouse model by SZO (PMID: 21280528) [77]
- Increase in numbers of small islets, nearly the ducts and no insulitis [77]
- STZ-induced diabetic mice Curcumin (200 mg/kg, IP) for 12 weeks
- ˇlymphocytes infiltration in the islets,
- ^islets number
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight loss (Chanpoo, Petchpiboonthai, 2010) [96]
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Curcumin derivative (150 mg/kg, PO) for 40 days
- ^islet cells number,
- ^insulin positive cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin,
- ^C-peptide (Abdel Aziz et al., 2013) [96]
- A spice flavoring and coloring foods
- Potent antioxidant and cytoprotective effects (Alinejad, Ghorbani, Sadeghnia, 2013; Park et al., 2008) [96]
- In diabetic rats, curcumin
- Inhibits lymphocytes infiltration in the islets
- Keeps the number of islets and beta cells (Chanpoo, Petchpiboonthai, 2010; Abdel Aziz et al., 2013) [96]
- Decreased FBG and increased serum insulin and C-peptide (Abdel Aziz et al., 2013) [96]
- curcumin preserves pancreatic islet cell survival and transplantation efficiency [104]
- Food product and medicine in Southern Asia
- Stimulatory effect on insulin secretion
- Pretreatment by curcimin
- Protected the islets against STZ-induced oxidative stress [106]
- By scavenging of free radicals [106]
- Increased cell viability and insulin secretion
- Oral administration of curcumin or C. longa extract (150–300 mg/kg) in STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Significantly reduced blood glucose levels [106]
- Daily intake of curcumin for 70 days along with a high-fat diet in Sprague-Dawley rats
- Glucose-lowering effect [106]
- Curcumin treatment for 9 months in a prediabetic population
- Increased pancreatic beta cell function with high HOMA-beta [106]
- curcumin ameliorates type 2 diabetes
- Via regulation of pancreatic beta cell function [106]
Dostupné formy
Dia Kare
- Bylinné kapsle dostupné v ČR
- Složeni:
- Gymnema sylvestre (+)
- Okurka hořká (Momordica charantia) (+)
- Emblika lekařská (Emblica offi cinalis)
- Eugenia jambolana
- Pterocarpus marsupium (+)
- Kurkuma (+)
- Chebule srdčitá (Tinospora cordifolia) (+)
- Pískavice (Trigonella foenumgraecum) (+)
- Ficus glomerata (+)
- Acacia catecha (+)
Dostupná forma:
Diazoxide
- Improvement in insulin secretion after administration of diazoxide to diabetic subjects for 7 days [64]
- Similar protective effects were observed more recently in patients classified with type 1 and type 2 diabetes [64]
Elephantopus scaber - Elephant's Foot
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract of root and leaves (0.3 g/kg, PO) for 12 weeks
- ^beta cell number per islet
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇserum urea,
- ˇcreatinine (Daisy, Rayan, Rajathi, 2007) [96]
- Acetone extract of Elephantopus scaber in STZ-induced diabetic rats induced: [137]
- Significant decrease in blood glucose level
- Improving insulin sensitivity
- Augmenting glucose dependent insulin secretion
- Stimulating the regeneration of islets of Langerhans in pancreas [137]
Dostupné formy
Ephedra distachya - Ephedra helvetica C. A. Mey. - Ephedra negrii Nouviant - Ephedra rigida St. Lag. - Ephedra vulgaris subsp. helvetica (C. A. Mey.) - chvojník dvouklasý / chvojník dvojklasový
- Další druhy:
- Chvojník čínský (Ephedra sinica)
- Chvojník americký (Ephedra americana)
- Jsou podobné, ale odlišují se např. velikostí a tvarem listů
- Obsahové látky jsou ale téměř identické [158]
- Alkaloids of Ephedra distachya herbs and l-ephedrine
- Antihyperglycemic effect in diabetic mice
- Due to regeneration and restoration of atrophied pancreatic islets [137]
- Induces the secretion of insulin [137]
- Ve Švýcarsku podléhá zákonné ochraně, v červeném seznamu je hodnocen jako ohrožený (VU – vulnerable) [157]
- All parts of the plant contain up to 3% ephedrine
- V USA ale zemřelo více lidí na následky užívání chvojníku [158]
- Oficiální instituce stále varují před rostlinou a před produkty, které se z ní vyrábějí
- Chvojník se smí užívat jen na doporučení lékaře nebo po poradě s lékárníkem [158]
- Prostředky s obsahem efedrinu jsou uvedené na seznamu dopingových látek a to musí zajímat výkonné sportovce [158]
- Výroba metamfetaminu a více zajímavostí
Dostupné formy
Epicatechin - EC
- Flavanoly (katechiny)
- ALO-induced diabetic rats Epicatechin (30 mg/kg, twice daily, IP) for 4-5 days
- ^beta cell number per islet
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Chakravarthy, Gupta, Gode, 1982) [96]
- Flavonoid compound cause beta cell regeneration
- Beta cell regeneration in the islets of pancreas in alloxan induced diabetic rats [78]
- Plants containing epicatechin (a flavonoid) have been used to treat diabetes mellitus in Indian medicine
- Increase in insulin secretion mediated by epicatechin
- ATP- and temperature-dependent
- no deleterious changes in the structure of the B-cells after 5 days of exposure to the compound [88]
- Intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg body wt of epicatechin twice daily for 4 days
- Increased the islet insulin content by 30%
- Secretion of insulin from islets isolated from epicatechin-injected rats was significantly increased [88]
- Islets of adult rats cultured with 5.5 mM glucose for 4 days showed a significant increase in DNA synthesis in the presence of 0.05 mM epicatechin [88]
Vyskytuje se v rostlinách:
- Červené víno
- Černý jeřáb - Aronia melanocarpa
- Zelený čaj
- Kakao
- Ostružiny
- Brusinky evropské
- Maliny červené
- Jahody
- Třešně
- Jablko
- Hruška
- Fazole
- Vicia faba L. - Bob obecný
- a jiné druhy
Ervatamia microphylla - Tabernaemontana bufalina Lour. (accepted name) - Ervatamia annamensis (Eberhardt & Dubard) Pichon (synonym) - Ervatamia bufalina (Lour.) Pichon - Ervatamia celastroides Kerr - Ervatamia ceratocarpa Kerr - Ervatamia chengkiangensis Tsiang - Ervatamia hainanensis Tsiang - Ervatamia hoabinhensis Lý - Ervatamia jasminoides Tsiang - Ervatamia laxiflora Pichon - Ervatamia longipedicellata Lý - Ervatamia luensis (Pierre ex Pitard) Pierre ex Kerr - Ervatamia subcapitata (Wall.) Lace - Tabernaemontana annamensis Eberhardt & Dubard - Tabernaemontana celastroides (Kerr) P.T. Li - Tabernaemontana ceratocarpa (Kerr) P. T. Li - Tabernaemontana chengkiangensis (Tsiang) P. T. Li - Tabernaemontana hainanensis (Tsiang) P. T. Li - Tabernaemontana hoabinhensis (Lý) Lý - Tabernaemontana jasminiflora Pit. - Tabernaemontana luensis Pierre ex Pit. - Tabernaemontana microphylla Pitard - Tabernaemontana pallida Pierre ex Pit. - Tabernaemontana subcapitata Wall. -
- Tropical plant
Conophylline (CnP)
- Vinca alkaloid extracted z Ervatamia microphylla
- Known to mimic the differentiation-inducing activity of activin A
- Activin A
- Effects on beta cell differentiation
- Similar to those of CnP
- Also induced apoptosis [106]
- Induce the differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells to insulin-producing cells
- Lack of apoptosis-inducing activity [106]
- Treatment of acinar carcinoma cells (AR42J) with CnP (0.1 mg/mL)
- Induced the expression of neurogenin-3 by activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase [106]
- Effective in reversing hyperglycemia in diabetic animal models [106]
- A subcutaneous injection of 5 mg/kg CnP [106]
- Reduced blood glucose levels [106]
- Improved glucose tolerance in neonatal STZ-induced diabetic mice [106]
- Number of insulin-positive ductal cells and the pancreatic beta cell mass increased after CnP treatment
- Role for CnP in the differentiation and regeneration of pancreatic beta cells in vivo [106]
- CnP administration (9 mg/kg, orally) in Goto-Kakizaki rats after four weeks of treatment [106]
- Reduced blood glucose levels [106]
- Increased plasma insulin levels [106]
- Combination treatment [106]
- CnP (0.4 mg/mL) and betacellulin (1 nM) in ductal cells from neonatal rats [106]
- Stimulated their differentiation into insulin-producing cells [106]
- CnP (2 µg/g) and betacellulin (200 pmol/g) for one week [106]
- Reduced glucose tolerance in neonatal STZ-induced diabetic rats [106]
ke koupi:
Estrogenní stimulace beta buněk
- Enhancing ER actions in ß-cells
- Protects survival of beta cells [110]
- Protects function in the face of multiple diabetic insults [110]
- Women assigned to menopausal estrogen therapy
- Significant reduction in the incidence of diabetes [110]
- Risk of hormone-dependent cancer if ERs are activated in breast and endometrial tissues [110]
Fytoestrogeny
- isoflavony, lignany, kumestany a stilbeny
- Ve fermentovaných potravinách je obsah volných aktivních fytoestrogenů vyšší
- Nepůsobí téměř na mléčnou žlázu a na dělohu
- Obsahují převážně alfa - ER [122]
- Slabí agonisté
- Při vysokých dávkách působí jako antagonisté
- Blokáda účinku silnějších lidských estrogenů
Isoflavony
- Vikvovité (Viciaceae)
- Sója luštinatá (daidzein, genistein a glycitein)
- Většina asijské populace konzumuje 20–80 mg genisteinu za den
- Lidé v ost. částech světajen 1–3 mg /d [121]
- červený jetel (formononetin a biochanin A) [121]
- Kručinka barvířská (Genista tinctoria) [121]
- Janovec metlatý (Sarothamnus scoparius) [121]
- Hrách, čočka, fazole, boby
- Melé množství
- žito
- Pivo
- Bourbon
- Rybíz
- Aj. drobné ovoce [121]
- Flavony jsou převážně pigmenty v semenech a plodech žluté barvy [122]
Lignany
- Semena
- Zrna
- Lusky
- Zelenina, ovoce
- Rostlinné oleje
- Zejména lněný olej
- Sekoisolariciresinol (SECO)
- Matairesinol [121]
- Celozrnné žitné pečivo
- Různé typy vlákniny [121]
Kumestany
- Vojtěška (Medicago sativa) - hlavně v klíčcích [121]
- Kumestrol
- Mladé luštěniny [122]
- červený jetel [122]
Stilbeny
- resveratrol
- Ve slupkách červené révy vinné (Vitis vinifera)
- V bílých odrůdách je zastoupen v podstatně menším množství [121]
Nezatříděné
- Stevie [122]
- Kotvičník [122]
- Rýže [122]
- Mrkev [122]
- Různá semena [122]
- Brokolice [122]
- žampiony [122]
- česneku [122]
- Káva [122]
- čaj [122]
Produkty
Ficus racemosa - cluster fig - Covellia glomerata (Roxb.) Miq. - Covellia lanceolata (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Miq. - Covellia mollis Miq. - Ficus acidula King - Ficus chittagonga Miq. - Ficus glomerata Roxb. - Ficus henrici King - Ficus lanceolata - Ficus leucocarpa - Ficus lucescens Blume - Ficus mollis (Miq.) Miq. - Ficus racemosa - Ficus semicostata - Ficus trichocarpa f. glabrescens Engl. - Ficus vesca F.Muell. ex Miq. - fíkovník hroznovitý
- Twenty (20) Swiss albino mice [145]
- Control group (C), diabetic control group (DC), glibenclamide treated group (GL) and Ficus racemosa extract treated group (FR)
- Alloxan monohydrate (150mg/kg body weight) [145]
- Ethanolic extracts of Ficus racemosa fruit (250mg/kg body weight) once daily for 30 days
- Glibenclamide (600µg/kg body weight) [145]
- Necrosis in the islets and focal acinar damages, found in the diabetic pancreas were restored to normal in the Ficus racemosa extract treated groups
- Significantly related to that of the effect produced by glibenclamide [145]
- Další podobný experiment [146]
- Doses of tannin supplementation exctracted from Ficus racemosa had a favorable effect on:
- Plasma glucose
- Lipid profile concentrations [147]
- Oxidative stress in diabetic rats [147]
- Snížení diabetické neuropatie u potkanů [148]
- F. racemosa stem bark [149]
- Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes
- Alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, and sucrase in a dose-dependent manner
- Heat treatment of the sample comparably increased alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and sucrase inhibitory activities [149]
Dostupné formy
Fractalkine (in human) - cytokin CX3CL1 - chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 - Neurotactin (in mice)
- T cell and monocyte chemotractant
- Produced by non-hematopoietic cells
- In activated endothelial cells
- Thought to promote adhesion of leukocytes
- Made in a soluble and membrane bound form
- In neural cells
- Its receptor is known to be present on microglial cells
- Essential for microglial cell migration
- Up-regulated in the hippocampus during a brief temporal window following spatial learning
- V.s. regulate glutamate-mediated neurotransmission tone
- Role for the chemokine in the protective plasticity process of synaptic scaling [123]
- Knockout mice had more synapses on cortical neurons
- A coreceptor for HIV-1
- Some variations - increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and rapid progression to AIDS [123]
- In the progression of human prostate cancer and skeletal metastasis
- Up-regulace hypoxií
- In kidney, fractalkine expression might be induced by high shear stress
- Role in prolonged glomerular diseases
- Prevents beta cell apoptosis (cell death)
- Promotes the beta cell differentiation program [49]
Fructus Corni - Shan Zhu Yu - Shan Yu Rou - Common Macrocarpium Fruit - dřín obecný (plody) - dřín jarní - svída dřín
- Suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis related gene transcription, enhances glucose responsiveness of pancreatic beta-cells, and prevents toxin induced beta-cell death.
- CO-W-M2
- Reduce gene expression for hepatic gluconeogenesis
- Protect beta-cell against toxic challenge
- Enhance insulin secretion [139]
Dostupné formy
- Plody dřínu jsou jedlé a vedle přímé konzumace je lze použít i na výrobu zavařenin, sirupů, kompotů apod. [140]
- Ve formě prášku ze sušené drogy
- Cca 1-2 mocca lžiček, 2-4x denně [140]
- 3 min. odvar z 5 - 8 g drcené drogy na 200 -250 ml čaje
- Obvykle se bere 3x denně, před jídlem [140]
- Rostliny, semena, sirupy na zbozi.cz
GABA
- Utlumuje, uklidňuje
- Usually causing hyperpolarization
- GABAergic neurons - chiefly inhibitory action at receptors in the adult vertebrate
- GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone
- Regulates the secretion of islet cells and their function
- Creates regenerative effects
- It also may prevent the death of beta-cells of the pancreas
- A GABA supplement may help [104]
Potravní doplňky
Genistein
- Major isoflavone present in Glycine max
- Several beneficial effects in pancreatic beta cells
- Increased insulin secretion [106]
- Cell proliferation [106]
- Prevention of pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- A flavonoid in legumes and some herbal medicines
- From soy - Glycine max - Soybean [104] [106]
- Important protein source
- Red clover [104] - červený jetel
- Prevents insulin-deficient diabetes in mice (PMID: 20484465)
- Induces pancreatic beta-cell proliferation (INS1 mice and human islet beta-cell)
- After 24 h of incubation with 5 mum genistein inducing a maximal 27% increase
- Activation of multiple signaling pathways
- Induced cAMP/PKA signaling
- Phosphorylation of ERK1/2
- Intervention of protein kinase A (PKA) or ERK1/2 completely abolished genistein-stimulated beta-cell proliferation
- Both molecules are essential for genistein action [87]
- Induced protein expression of cyclin D1
- A major cell-cycle regulator essential for beta-cell growth [87]
- Dietary intake of genistein significantly improved
- Hyperglycemia
- Glucose tolerance
- Blood insulin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
- Improved islet beta-cell proliferation, survival, and mass [87]
- May be a natural antidiabetic agent by directly modulating pancreatic beta-cell function
- Via activation of the cAMP/PKA-dependent ERK1/2 signaling pathway [87]
- Soybean isoflavones have been reported to prevent diabetes
- Genistein treatment in MIN6 cells and isolated mouse and rat islets
- Increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [106]
- High concentrations (100 µmol/L) of genistein
- Inhibited insulin secretion in isolated rat islets of Langerhans [106]
- Pancreatic beta cell proliferation reduced [106]
- Apoptosis increased after treatment [106]
- Acute treatment (24 h) with a low concentration (5 µmol/L) of genistein
- Induced proliferation in INS-1 cell and human islets [106]
- Reduced sodium fluoride-induced pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- Insulin-secreting activity and proliferative effects in pancreatic beta cells and mouse islets of Langerhans required
- The activation of protein kinase A [106]
- Extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) [106]
- Soy protein containing genistein and daidzein in NOD mice
- Suppressed blood glucose levels [106]
- By increasing plasma insulin levels [106]
- Chronic consumption of a genistein-supplemented diet (250 mg/kg)
- Prevented STZ-induced rises in fasting blood glucose [106]
- Improved glucose tolerance insulin levels [106]
- Administration of genistein at 10 mg/kg for 10 weeks in STZ-induced diabetic mice
- Significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels [106]
- Effect of genistein administration in postmenopausal women at 54 mg/day
- Decreased fasting glucose levels [106]
- Increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity [106]
Dostupné formy
- Jetel červený
- Soja - Glycine max
- Luštěniny
- Fazolovité
- Lupin - vlčí bob
- Psoralea - dětelník jedlý - indian turnip
- Kudzu
- Flemingia vestita - Flemingia procumbens Roxb. - Moghania vestita (Benth.) ex Baker Kuntze - Moghania procumbens (Roxb.) Mukerjee - Sohphlang
- Coffee
- Genistein v potravních doplňcích
GH - růstový hormon - somatotropin
- GH-releasing hormone induces GH secretion
- Somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibiting factor hormone) inhibits its secretion
- Stimulates the synthesis of IGF-I
- Leads to JAK-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT5a and 5b
- Up-regulate cyclin D2 expression - essential regulator of ß-cell proliferation
- Largely an acute effect
- Chronic exposure to high glucose will evoke ß-cell apoptosis [14]
Nižší produkce:
- Elevated serum IGF-I inhibits GH secretion
- Vyšší hladiny inzulínu
- Obezita
Vyšší produkce/sekrece:
- Ghrelin is a potent GH secretagogue
- GH-releasing hormon
- štíhlý
- Lačnění
- Spánek cca kolem 20h
- Cvičení
- L-arginin
- Možnost injekčního podání po předpisu lékařem
GLP-1
- Increased nutrient load in the gut can enhance GLP-1 production
- Anti-apoptotic and growth-promoting effects on ß-cells [14]
- Trophic effects of GLP-1 on ß cells [18]
- Decline in beta cell proliferation with age
- Treatment with GLP-1 analog, Exendin-4 increases beta cell mass in young mice (6 weeks old) but not in mice aged 7-8 months
- Aged beta cell does not respond very well to GLP-1 [65]
- Treatment results in a marked decrease in p16Ink4a levels in young but not old mice
- P16Ink4a contributes to the reduced proliferative capacity of the older beta cell [65]
Dostupné formy:
- Analogs of GLP-1 increase beta-cell mass - inkretinova analoga - Agonisté receptorů GLP-1 [66]
- Exenatid
- liraglutid
- Lixisenatid [123]
- DPP4-inhibitors - gliptiny
- Improve GLP-1 function [46]
- Sitagliptin
- Vildagliptin
- Saxagliptin
- Alogliptin
- Linagliptin [124]
GLP-1/estrogen-conjugates
- Development of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-estrogen conjugate [109]
- Peptide-mediated selective tissue targeting of nuclear hormone [109]
- Eliminating adverse effects in other tissues [109]
- Superior sex-independent efficacy
- To correct obesity, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in mice
- Benefits are driven by pleiotropic dual hormone action
- Improve energy, glucose and lipid metabolism
- Peptide-based targeting strategy
- Also prevents hallmark side effects of estrogen in male and female mice [109]
- Reproductive endocrine toxicity and oncogenicity [109]
- Selective activation of estrogen receptors in GLP-1-targeted tissues
- Enhance the metabolic benefits of GLP-1 agonism [109]
- Discovery of a new class of therapeutics
- Enables synergistic co-agonism [109]
- Peptide-based selective delivery of small molecules [109]
- Conjugates with active GLP-1 made resistant to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and stably linked E2 were synthesized [110]
- Avoid E2 release in circulation and maximize E2 release in target cells [110]
- GLP-1 and E2 conjugate significantly decreased food intake and prevented obesity, thus preventing T2D [110]
- In the New Zealand obese (NZO) mice [110]
Glycine hispida - Glycine max (L.) Merr. - soybeans - Sojové boby
- Genistein
- Enhances insulin secretion
- Inhibits pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
Dostupné formy
Gymnema sylvestre - Gurmar - Gular - Gemnema Melicida - Gimnema - Gur-Mar - Gurmar - Gurmarbooti - Gymnema montanum - Gymnema sylvestre - Gymnéma - Gymnéma Sylvestre - Madhunashini - Merasingi - Meshashringi - Miracle Plant - Periploca sylvestris - Shardunika - Vishani - periploca of the woods - Gymnéma lesní
- Gymnema znecitliví jazyk na sladkou chuť po dobu asi dvou až tří hodin
- Snižuje chuť na sladké
- Gurmar, v překladu zabíječ sladké chuti [125]
- Na 2 hodiny brání hořké chuti potravin [125]
- Snižuje vstřebávání cukrů ze zažívacího traktu až o 50% [125]
- Beta cell repair/regeneration.
- In streptozotocin-diabetic rats given Gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts [79]
- Improves glycemic control in both T1D and T2D
- Administration of this herb decreases FBG, PPBG, and HbA1c in diabetic patients (Ghorbani, 2013b)
- The potential ability of G. sylvestre in regenerating pancreatic beta cells has been tested in recent years
- Aqueous extract of G. sylvestre leaves increases serum insulin level in streptozotocin treated rats
- Double increase in the number of beta cells ( Shanmugasundaram et al., 1990)
- Regenerative effect of G. sylvestre has been also observed following long-term treatment of diabetic rats using a standardized dry extract of leaves (Aralelimath, Bhise, 2012).
- Gymnemic acid
- Is considered to be the regenerative (Ahmed, Rao, Rao, 2010) [69]
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Water soluble extract of leaves
- ^islets number,
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Shanmugasundaram et al., 1990) [96]
- Standardized extract of leaves (200 & 400 mg/kg, PO) for 40 days
- ˇcongestion,
- ^normal beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ˇHbA1c, ˇ
- ˇweight lost,
- ^serum insulin,
- ^glycogen content in liver (Aralelimath Bhise, 2012) [96]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Methanol extract of leaves and callus for 45 days
- ^beta cell regeneration
- ^body weight,
- ^glycogen content in liver (Ahmed, Rao, Rao, 2010) [96]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
- A herb native to the tropical region of southern and central India [104]
- Its active component, GS4 – Gymnema sylvestre extract [104]
- Acts by raising the number of beta cells in pancreas [104]
- Gymnemic acid [104]
- Slow the transport of glucose from the intestines to the blood stream [104]
- Reduces the intestinal glucose uptake [104]
- Recommended dosage is 400 mg of Gymnema sylvestre extract (GS4) daily, available from many online sources [104]
- Methanol, acetone, or ethanol extracts of leaves (at a dose of 13.4 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg ) to diabetic Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats
- Significantly increased plasma insulin levels and decreased glucose levels [106]
- Treatment of diabetic ob/ob mice with an OSA capsule (500?mg/kg)
- Decreased plasma glucose levels
- Significantly induced insulin secretion [106]
- Administration of G. sylvestre leaves (200 mg/kg) to alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats
- Lowered blood glucose levels through the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells [106]
- Antidiabetic efficacy in clinical trials
- Leaves lowered blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients by increasing insulin secretion
- Cohort study with type 2 diabetes patients, oral administration of OSA (1 g/day, 60 days) [106]
- Significant increases in circulating insulin and C-peptide [106]
- Significant reduction in blood glucose levels [106]
- Studii u diabetiků 2.typu - 22 lidí 400 mg gymnemy po dobu 20 měsíců spolu s léky [125]
- Podstatně se snížila hladina krevního cukru a glykovaného hemoglobinu
- Zvýšila se hladina inzulinu
- Někteří účastníci studie snížili dávku užívaných léků
- Pět z nich mohlo vysadit léky úplně
- Jaterní testy a kyselina močová zůstaly v normě [125]
- Užívá se minimálně 400 mg po dobu 4 týdnů
- Pro maximální efekt je vhodná doba 6 měsíců až 2 roky [125]
Dostupné formy
Honey - med
- Roku 2010 human study
- Long-term consumption of honey
- Might have positive effects on the metabolic derangements in DM1, including possible beta cell regeneration
- Increases in fasting C-peptide levels [104]
Dostupné formy
- Bezne v obchode
Houttuynia cordata Thunb. - pinyin - yúxing cao - fishy-smell herb - dokudami- gi?p cá - pak kao tong - phakkaawtong - toningkok - Aithang - Uithinthang - Aithanglou - fish mint - lizard tail - chameleon plant - heartleaf - fishwort - bishop's weed - touleň srdcolistá - Chameleonka
- Presence of quercetin quantified in H. cordata [150]
- May play a contributing factor to the observed antidiabetic activity via the above mentioned pathways [150]
- H. Cordata shows
- Anti-inflammatory activity in diabetic condition
- Improving the level of adiponectins
- Antiapoptotic effect in pancreatic tissues
- Studies on diabetic animal models and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats and H. cordata [150]
- Quercetin significantly
- Decreases the blood glucose level
- Plasma cholesterol, and TG in diabetic rats, in dose-dependent manner
- Increasing the number of pancreatic islets
- Protective effect on degeneration of ß-cells
- Facilitation in translocation of GLUT-4 [150]
Formy konzumace
- It is grown as a leaf vegetable, particularly in Vietnam
- Used raw as salad leaf, or ground (usually the tender roots) with dry fish, chillies and tamarind into chutneys
- Cooked along with fish as fish curry
- Tea is made from the dried leaves, widely used as a general detoxification
Dostupné formy
IGF-1
- Potenciálně podporující přežívání ß-buněk [13]
- široký antiapoptotický účinek
- Insulin receptor substance 2 (IRS-2)
- Podpor. růst a přežívání buněk produkujících inzulin [13]
- Inzulin glulisin aktivuje IRS-2 (bez ovlivnění aktivity IRS-1) [13]
- Glulisin snížil indukovanou apoptózu b-buněk (cytokiny a mastnými kyselinami) o 55–60 % proti 15% snížení po běžném lidském inzulinu (RHI) [13]
- Práce byla provedena na buněčné kultuře, klinický význam nebyl zatím potvrzen [ 13]
- Requires the induction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity
- Activate protein kinase-B (PKB, Akt) - important for ß-cell survival
- Can phosphorylate glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3
- GSK-3 is able to control general protein synthesis and cell differentiation
- Contribute to ß-cell hypertrophy and neogenesis [14]
Zvyšován
- Růstovým hormonem
- Kosekrece s inzulínem
IL-6
- Který v beta-buňkách snižuje produkci NO
- V myším modelu zvyšuje viabilitu v přítomnosti cytotoxických cytokinů [57]
- Antiapoptotický
Inzulín
Exogenní
- Improvement in insulin secretion after intensive insulin treatment has been reported [17]
Vlastní
- Zvýšením sekrece
- Součástí sekrece inzulínu je i sekrece IGF-1
Juglans regia - Persian walnut - English walnut - common walnut - ořešák královský dává vlašské ořechy a listy !!
- Widely used in the traditional medicine of Asian countries
- Significant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic animals
- Increase of hepatic glycogenolysis
- Decrease of gluconeogenesis [69]
- Inhibition of glucose absorption from the intestine
- Enhancing serum insulin (Asgary et al., 2008; Kamyab et al., 2010; Jelodar, Mohsen, Shahram, 2007) [69]
- Regenerative actions of J. regia on pancreatic islets in pancreatic tissue of diabetic rats receiving walnut leaf:
- Density of islets
- Percent of beta cells
- Islets size significantly increase (Jelodar, Mohsen, Shahram, 2007) [69]
- Increase in the serum insulin level (Asgary et al., 2008; Javidanpour et al., 2012) [69]
- Treatment with the shell septum of J. regia
- Has no effects on the pancreatic structure of diabetic rats (Dehghani, Mashhoody, Panjehshahin, 2012) [69]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Diet supplemented with 60 g/kg of leaves for 15 days
- ^islets density,
- ^% of beta cells,
- ^islets size
- ˇFBG (Jelodar, Mohsen, Shahram, 2007) [96]
- Ethanolic extract of leaf (200 mg/kg)
- Enlargement of islets size
- ^serum insulin,
- ˇHbA1c (Asgary et al., 2008) [96]
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of leaves or peel (200 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin,
- ˇHbA1c (Javidanpour et al., 2012) [96]
- Aqueous extract of shell septum (200 - 800 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- No effect
- ˇFBG (Dehghani, Mashhoody, Panjehshahin, 2012) [96]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
- Droga obsahuje naftochinon juglon, třísloviny, flavonoidy, kyselinu elagovou, silice, karotenoidy, vitamin C, hořčiny aj.
- Působí svíravě, protizánětlivě a antibakteriálně
- Zejména proti stafylokokům
Dostupné formy
- Listy
- Sbírají se mladé bez tuhého řapíku a rychle se suší (v červnu)
- Za teplot do 40 °C (při pomalém sušení hnědnou)
- Zelené oplodí
- Těsně před sklizní ořechů, tedy v srpnu
- Zelené, ještě nezralé a měkké plody
- Odvar nebo nálev
- 1,5 čajové lžičky řezaných listů na šálek vody při vnitřním užití
- Koupele
- Cca 100 g drogy na 1 l vody
- Zralé, už usušené ořechy - odvar při suchém kašli
- Cca 5 ořechů se rozlouskne a asi 5 minut povaří (i se skořápkami)
- Vše 10 minut odstát, scedí se a pije
- Uvařená jádra se dají sníst
- Další využití
Walnut leaf (Juglans regia L.)
- Appears to stimulate beta cell regeneration in type 1 diabetic rats
- Effect of walnut leaf, coriander and pomegranate on blood glucose and histopathology of pancreas of alloxan induced diabetic rats. (PMID: 20161893)
- Walnut leaf (Juglans regia L.) [86]
- Coriander leaf (Coriandrum sativum L.)
- Pomegranate seed (Punica granatum L.)
- Fed a diet supplemented with about 15 gram (60 g/ kg body weight /day) of mentioned plants for 15 days [86]
- Only walnut leaf was able to:
- Reduce blood glucose significantly
- Hypercellularity of islets tissue
- Increased hyperchromic nucleus in pancreatic islets
- Increase a density of islets in pancreatic tissue
- Increase % of beta cells and islets size [86]
KATP channels’ channel openers
Repaglinid a nateglinid
- Do not appear to have an apoptotic effect on human islets [64]
- In contrast to sulfonylureas, "channel openers" may exert protective effects on ß-cells [64]
Kompenzační proliferace beta-buněk
Obezita
- Obesity is associated with an enhanced insulin response to glucose in non-diabetic individuals [17]
- Associated with a 50 % increase in ß-cell mass [17]
Insulin resistant individuals [14]
Autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes
Těhotenství
- Adaptive increase in ß-cells during pregnancy in humans
- Increased number of ß-cells in “apparently new small islets” [92]
Response to mechanical or chemical damage [14]
L-arginine
- Zdroj oxidu dusnatého via NOS
- Beneficial effect on the nitric-oxide producing pathway in rats treated with alloxan (PMID: 17717015)
- Disturbed glucose homeostasis, i.e. blood insulin and glucose levels in diabetic rats was restored after L-arginine treatment
- L-arginine had a favourable effect:
- Beta cell neogenesis
- Increased the area of insulin-immunopositive cells
- Colocalization of insulin and pancreas duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1) in both endocrine and exocrine pancreas
- Increase in insulin-expressing cells
- Increased cell proliferation
- Enhanced both nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunopositivities
- Restoring to control level the diabetes-induced increase in glutathione peroxidase activity
- Stimulation of beta cell neogenesis, including complex mechanisms of transcriptional and redox regulation [80]
Dostupné formy
- Potravní doplňky
- Kombinace l-argininu a l-carnitinu
Leptin
- Snižuje obsah triglyceridů
- Inhibuje aktivitu iNOS
- V krysím modelu zvyšuje Bcl-2
Leucaena leucocephala - white leadtree - jumbay - river tamarind - Subabul - white popinac - Ipil ipil - Lamtoro - Katin - Yin ho huan - Kubabul - subabul - Koa haole - Tangantangan - Cassis - Guaje - Huaxin - Divoká mimóza
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Extract of seed (0.25 - 1 g/kg, PO) for 14 days
- ^beta cell number per islets,
- ^islets diameter
- ˇFBG
- ˇserum lipids (Darmono Syamsudin, Simanjuntak, 2006) [96]
Dostupné formy
Lněný olej
- Beneficial effect of flax seeds in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice
- Islet regenerative
- Glucosidase inhibitory properties [72]
Linum usitassimum active fraction (LU6)
- In streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Swiss mice [72]
- LU6 fraction showed
- Improved glucose utilization
- Increase in liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity
- Normal glycogenesis in hepatic and muscle tissues
- Reduction in pancreatic and intestinal glucosidase inhibitory activity
- Beneficial effects in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) [72]
- Normalization of plasma insulin and C-peptide levels
- Endogenous insulin secretion appeared after the treatment with LU6 [72]
- Histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis on pancreatic islets
- Regeneration and insulin secretion
- Increase functional pancreatic islets producing insulin
- Significant insulin producing islet formation was also observed in in vitro PANC-1 cells after LU6 treatment
- Cellular aggregates to be newly formed islets [72]
- Potential of LU6 fraction in the formation of new islets in vitro, as well as in vivo
- Can be used as a neutraceutical-based first-line treatment for diabetes [72]
- One of the highly regarded oils for promoting general health, prevention of cancer, diabetes and heart disease [104]
- A teaspoon of Flaxseed oil should be taken along with the food
- Johanna Budwig (a German biochemist and expert on cancer management)
- 1 - 2 teaspoon fresh ground flaxseeds in a 1/2 cup of organic yogurt [104]
Dostupné formy
Lupinus termis - Lupinus albus L. - White lupin - Lupina bílá
- Luštěnina patřící do čeledi rostlin bobovitých [159]
- V ČR se dříve zřídka pěstovala jako krmivo a zelené hnojení. [159]
- V ČR rozšířený druh lupina mnoholistá (Lupinus polyphyllus) jedlý není [159]
- Tremoso - semena lupiny bílé [159]
- Využívány po celém světě jako příloha k jídlům [159]
- Musí být vařené a na několik dní naloženy ve vodě, která se pravidelně vyměňuje (neurotoxicita) [159]
- Aloxan induced DM rats
- Plant crushed into fine powder, suspended into double distilled water
- Orally administrated at a dose of 75 mg /kg B.W. for 21 days
- Resulted in marked improvement in histological picture of pancreas,especially after 21 days [143]
- Islets of Langerhans were somewhat returned to normal
- The administration resulted in significant:
- Reduction in blood glucose
- Serum cholesterol level and Triglycerides
- Increased intensity of glycogen storage in hepatic cells in treated diabetic rats [143]
Dostupné formy
Mangiferin
- Xanthonoid
- Glucoside of norathyriol [127]
- C-glycosylxanthone structure
- Gold-orange fluorescence under ultraviolet light [127]
- Dissolves well in water, so it can be easily extracted into infusions and decoctions [128]
- An efficient iron chelator [128]
- Preventing the generation of hydroxyl radical in Fenton-type reactions [128]
- Strong antioxidant [128]
- Partial pancreatectomy-induced diabetic mice
- Mangiferin (30 & 90 mg/kg, IP) for 14 days
- ^beta cell hyperplasia,
- ^beta cell proliferation,
- ˇbeta cell apoptosis
- ˇFBG, ^serum insulin,
- ^glucose tolerance ( Wang et al., 2014) [96]
Přítomen v:
- Mango [127] !!!
- Iris unguicularis [127] - Iris stylosa - Algerian iris - kosatec nehetnatý
- Medic. význam mají kořeny
- A mild toxicity level
- Nasty but not serious digestive upset if the geophyte is ingested [129]
- Anemarrhena asphodeloides rhizomes [127] - A. asphodeloidesBunge (Fam. Liliaceae) - sasanka asfodelovitá
- Bombax Ceida [127] - Bombax aculeatum L., Bombax ceiba Burm. f. - Bombax heptaphyllum Cav. - Bombax malabaricum DC. - Bombax thorelii Gagnep. - Bombax tussacii Urb. - Gossampinus malabarica Merr. - Gossampinus rubra Buch.-Ham. - Gossampinus thorelii Bakh. - Melaleuca grandiflora Blanco - Salmalia malabarica (DC.) Schott et Endl - red silk-cotton - red cotton tree - silk-cotton - kapok tree - ceiba čihovitá
- Genera Salacia [127]
- cukru-v-krvi.aspx">Salacia oblonga
- Salacia reticulata
- Genera Cyclopia - honeybush - Heuningbos - medový keř [127]
- 20 druhů rostlin
- Has many similarities with rooibos
- Čaje na Heureka
- Asplenium montanum and its hybrid descendants [127] - mountain spleenwort - sleziník horský
- Asplenium montanum readily forms hybrids with a number of other species in the "Appalachian Asplenium complex".
Metformin
- Indikován již při prediabetu
- Oddaluje vznik DM2
Momordica charantia Cucumis argyi H. Lév., Cucumis intermedius M. Roem. - Momordica chinensis Spreng. - Momordica elegans Salisb. - Momordica indica L. - Momordica muricata Willd. - Karela - Ampalaya - bitter melon - -bitter guard - karela - balsam pear - momordyka - momordika papara - hořká okurka
- “vegetable insulin”
- Extract components share structural similarities with animal insulin
- Fruit and the whole plant are believed to possess antidiabetic properties
- Treatment with a water extract of M. charantia
- Prevented alloxan-induced pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- Increased insulin secretion in HIT-T15 cells [106]
- Extracts of the fruit pulp, seeds, leaves, or whole plant were shown to have a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic animal models
- A daily oral administration of M. charantia fruit juice [106]
- Significantly increased pancreatic beta cell numbers compared to untreated diabetic rats
- Aqueous, ethanol, or acetone extracts of M. charantia
- Showed an antihyperglycemic effect in STZ- or alloxan-induced diabetic rats [106]
- Seed extract
- Showed a glucose-lowering effect in diabetic mice [106]
- Results suggest that M. charantia may either repair damaged pancreatic beta cells or prevent their death.
- Randomized, double-blind controlled trials
- Most of them demonstrated that fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly reduced [106]
- Reputation for diabetic patients since 36 years ago (Ghorbani, 2013b)
- Momordicin [106]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
- Several animal and clinical studies and its beneficial effects on
- Blood glucose and
- lipids [69]
- In adult diabetic animals, the results indicate that M. charantia
- Increases the number of beta cells per islets
- Leads to the neoformation of islets from the pre-existing islet cells (Ahmed et al., 1998; Singh, Gupta, 2007b; Singh et al., 2008)
- Hypoglycemic effect of M. charantia remains after the cease of treatment (Singh et al., 2008) [69]
- In neonatal diabetic rats, administration of aqueous or ethanolic extract of M. charantia fruit
- Alleviates pancreatic damage
- Induces the renewal of pancreatic beta cells (Abdollahi et al., 2011; Hafizur, Kabir, Chishti, 2011) [69]
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Fruit juice (10 mL/kg, PO) for 10 weeks
- ^beta cell number
- ^serum insulin (Ahmed et al., 1998) [96]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Acetone extract of fruit (250-750 mg/kg, PO) for 30 days
- Recovery of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans
- Hepatoprotection (Singh, Gupta, 2007b) [96]
- Alcoholic extract of fruit (250-750 mg/kg, PO) for 30 days
- Recovery of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans
- ˇFBG ( Singh et al., 2008) [96]
- Neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract of fruit (20 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- ^beta cell number per islet
- ˇFBG,
- ^ serum insulin (Abdollahi et al., 2011) [96]
- Neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of fruit (400 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- ^islet size,
- ^total beta cell area,
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin ( Hafizur, Kabir, Chishti, 2011) [96]
Dostupné formy
Morus alba - moruše bílá
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Ethanolic extract of leaves (400 & 600 mg/kg, PO) for 35 days
- ^islets diameter,
- ^beta cell number
- ˇFBG (Mohammadi, Prakash, 2008) [96]
- Chybí údaje o pití čaje z listů u lidí
- Plody jsou jedlé
Dostupné formy
- Plody, šťávy, marmelády [130]
- Sušené listy, tinktura z květů, kapsle anebo olej ze semen morušovníku [130]
- Odvaz z listů morušovníku
- 15 gramů usušených listů
- Zalijeme vodou a vaříme 3 minuty a vychladnout
- Pijeme 2x až 3x denně jeden šálek – nejlépe před jídlem [130]
- Prášek z moruše
- Sirup - 1x denně 3 g [130]
- Pokládáme vrstvy zralých plodů a třtinový cukr do velké zavařovací sklenice
- Jako konzervant poslouží líh nebo citrónová šťáva
- Skladujeme v suché, chladné a tmavé místnosti [130]
- Sušené plody aj. produkty na Zbozi.cz
- Semena na Zbozi
- Stromek moruše bílé k výsadbě - např. zahradnictví Chládek v Praze 6
Musa paradisiaca - plantains - cooking bananas tree -platan
- Hybrid between Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana
- Some effect of extracts on protein metabolic disorders in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes
- Regeneace beta buněk [69]
- Effectiveness of ethanol extracted from plantain in lowering blood pressure [131]
- Had similar effects to metformin [131]
- 2011 study published in the Journal of Pharmacy Research
- Third day of treatment with ethanol extract of plantain trunk [131]
- Fasting blood glucose level was significantly reduced [131]
- Alloxan induced rat [131]
- 300 mg/kg extract [131]
- Glucose level reduction of 30.456 per cent in while 39.584 per cent was found in Metformin after three days [131]
- no death was found due to oral ingestion of crude extract [131]
- Methanolic extracts from the unripe fruit of plantain [131]
- Had the potential to lower blood sugar levels [131]
Dostupné formy
- V SAPA
Nigella sativa - Black cumine - black seed - černý kmín
- Its active constituent is thymoquinone
- For centuries as a natural remedy for various ailments
- Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in diabetic patients (Ghorbani, 2013a)
- Histopathology of pancreatic beta cells in diabetic rats
- Decreased the elevated serum glucose [96]
- Increased the insulin concentration [96]
- Partially regenerated pancreatic beta cells [96]
- Decreasing lipid peroxidation [96]
- Increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (Kanter et al., 2004) [96]
- N. sativa oil to STZ-induced diabetic rats [96]
- Increased the diameter of islets of Langerhans (Albajali et al., 2011) [96]
- Treatment with thymoquinone
- Inhibits STZ-induced islet degeneration and necrosis [96]
- Leads to the partial regeneration of the islet and beta cells of diabetic animals (Abdelmeguid et al., 2010; Kanter, 2009; Sankaranarayanan, Pari, 2011) [96]
- A 2010 human study - consumption of 1 gram of black seed a day for up to 12 weeks
- Had a broad range of beneficial effects in diabetics [104]
- Including increasing beta cell function [104]
- Adjuvant therapy in DM2 [96]
- Added to their anti-diabetic medications at a dose of 2 gm/day
- FBG (Fasting blood glucose)
- Reduced by an average of 45, 62 and 56 mg/dl at 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively
- 2hPG
- HbA1
- Reduced by 1.52% at the end of the 12 weeks of treatment (P<0.0001)
- Insulin resistance calculated by HOMA2
- Was reduced significantly (P<0.01)
- B-cell function
- Was increased (P<0.02) at 12 weeks of treatment [67] [96]
- Treatment with hydroalcholic extract of NS at low doses (5 mg/kg b.w.) markedly:
- Increased BW gain
- FBG level was significantly (p<0.001) reduced
- Partially recovered hepatic glycogen content
- Protected the great deal of the pancreatic islet cells [81]
- Number of islets, cells and islets diameter were found statistically significant [81]
- Hypoglycemic effect
- Regeneration of pancreatic islets
- May be used as a therapeutic agent in the management of diabetes mellitus
- May prove clinically useful in the treatment of diabetics and in the protection of ß-cells against streptozotocin [81]
- Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
- Daily intraperitoneal injection of 0.20 ml/kg of N. sativa L. volatile oil for 30 days
- The N. sativa L. treatment caused
- A decrease in the elevated serum glucose
- An increase in the lowered serum insulin concentrations [74]
- Partial regeneration/ proliferation of pancreatic beta-cells [74]
Nigella sativa & Thymoquinone
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Volatile oil (0.2 mL/kg, IP) for 30 days
- Regeneration/proliferation of pancreatic ß-cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin ( Kanter et al., 2003) [96]
- Volatile oil (0.2 mL/kg, IP) for 30 days
- Preserving beta cell numbers,
- ˇoxidative stress
- ˇoxidative stress parameters in blood ( Kanter et al., 2004) [96]
- Thymoquinone (50 mg/kg, PO) for 4 weeks
- ˇislet degeneration and necrosis
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin ( Kanter, 2009) [96]
- N. sativa oil (0.2 mL/kg) for 30 days
- ^islets diameter
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Albajali et al., 2011) [96]
- Aqueous extract (2 mL/kg, IP), oil (0.2 mL/kg, IP) or thymoquinone (3 mg/kg, IP) for 30 days
- ˇoxidative stress indexes,
- Partial regeneration of the islets and beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^serum insulin (Abdelmeguid et al., 2010) [96]
- STZ + nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats
- Thymoquinone (80 mg/kg) for 45 days
- Preservation of islet cells against beta cell damage
- ˇoxidative stress in liver and kidney ( Sankaranarayanan, Pari, 2011) [96]
- Antioxidant properties of this plant
- Increases superoxide dismutase activity
- Inhibites lipid peroxidation
- Decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in pancreas tissue (Abdelmeguid et al., 2010) [96]
- Hepatoprotective property (Al-Ghasham et al., 2008) [96]
- Nephroprotective action of N. sativa (Al-Ghasham et al., 2008) [96]
- More than one piece of evidence for their regenerative property so that their consumption may decrease insulin dependence on diabetic patients [96]
Dostupné formy
Nutrients
- Nutritional deficiencies
- May lead to the development of diabetes
- Increase the risk of other damage caused by the disease
- If simulate insulin secretion and synthesis can also increase ß-cell proliferation
- Pokud tím nezpůsobí neúnosný stres pro beta buňky
Glucose
- The most physiological relevant ß-cell growth-promoting nutrient [14]
- Glucose-dependent growth factor
Nymphaea stellata - Egyptian lotus - Nymphaea nouchali - Nymphaea cyanea Roxb., Nymphaea malabarica Poir. - Nymphaea minima F. M. Bailey - Nymphaea punctata Edgew - Nymphaea versicolor Sims - N. caerula - Almeida - leknín hvězdový
- Nymphayol (25,26-dinorcholest-5-en-3b-ol)
- Plant sterol
- Partial regeneration of beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans [70]
- Nymphaea stellata flower chloroform extract (NSFCExt)
- Significant plasma glucose lowering effect [70]
- Nymphayol (25,26-dinorcholest-5-en-3beta-ol) a new crystal
- Oral administration of Nymphayol for 45 days significantly (p<0.05)
- Lowered the blood glucose level
- Effectively increased the insulin content in diabetic rats
- Increased the number of beta cell mass enormously [70]
- Well-known medicinal plant widely used for the treatment of diabetes, inflammation, and liver disorders [106]
- Oral administration of flower and leaf extracts of N. stellata in STZ-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced Wistar rats
- Lowered blood glucose levels [106]
- Increased insulin levels
- Increased numbers of insulin-positive cells in the islets of Langerhans [106]
- Stimulation of pancreatic beta cell regeneration and the subsequent release of insulin [106]
- The rhizome, fruit, leaf petiole, roots, flowers, tubers, and seed are used as edible parts in different ways by people [132]
Dostupné formy
Panax ginseng - ženšen pravý - Všehoj ženšenový
- Ginsenoside
- Enhances insulin secretion
- Increases proliferation [106]
- Antidiabetic and antiobesity effects in diabetic patients and in animal models of type 2 diabetes
- Ginsenosides from ginseng extracts
- Responsible for these effects [106]
- P. ginseng extracts and ginsenosides
- Induced insulin secretion
- Protected pancreatic beta cells from apoptosis [106]
- Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1
- Promoted glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in MIN6 cells [106]
- Protected RIN-m5F cells from high glucose/cytokine-induced apoptosis via [106]
- A decrease in nitric oxide (NO) production
- The downregulation of Fas and caspase-3 gene expression [106]
- Extracts of ginseng root
- Protect against cytokine-induced apoptosis of MIN6 cells [106]
- American ginseng root (25 µg/mL) in rat insulinoma cell line
- Stimulated insulin production [106]
- Prevented cytokine-induced apoptosis via [106]
- Regulation of uncoupling protein-2 in INS-1 cells [106]
- Extracts from roots, berries, or leaves
- Effective against type 2 diabetes in rodents [106]
- Administration of red or green ginseng berry extract (150 mg/kg) in STZ-induced diabetic mice
- Significantly reduced blood glucose levels [106]
- Improved glucose tolerance [106]
- Insulin secretion was increased in berry extract-treated mice
- V.s. due to increased pancreatic beta cell proliferation [106]
- In ob/ob and db/db mice, oral administration of ginseng berry extract
- Also reduced blood glucose levels [106]
- Ginsenosides from leaves and roots in db/db mice
- Glucose-lowering effects [106]
- Clinical studies - ingestion of P. ginseng (6 g/day) for 12 weeks
- Improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients [106]
- One study reported that ginseng had no antidiabetic effect
- Differences in the concentrations of the various ginsenosides may have been the cause [106]
Dostupné formy
- Konzumovat sušený přímo / jako rozemletou moučku [133]
- Rozkousat, zapít vodou atd [133]
- 0,1-3g čistého ženšene denně [133]
- Kořen ženšene může být macerován v alkoholu a pak nabízen jako elixír či tinktura [133]
- Je dobré ho poté postupně sníst [133]
- Stále obsahuje cca 50-70% účinných látek [133]
- Nálevy, odvary, sirupy, kapsle, tablety, potravní doplňky aj. maceráty, celé rostliny na zbozi.cz [133]
Pancreas Tonic - Glycoprin - 180 CP by Natural Choice
- Komerčně prodávaná patentovaná směs bylinek na podporu léčbu diabetu
- Na potkanech s DM vlivem aloxanu po lečbě tímto preparátem byla následně prokázána regenerace beta buněk pankreatu
- Detail studie zde: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2608368/?page=4
- Preparát obsahuje:
- Pterocarpus Marsupeum (+)
- Gymnema Sylvestre (+)
- Momardica Charantia (+)
- Syzigium Cumini (+)
- Trigonella Foenum graceum - Fenugreek (+)
- Azadirachta Indica - neem - nimba (+)
- Ficus Racemosa - Cluster Fig (+)
- Tinospora Cordifolia - Giloe (+)
- Aegle Marelose (+)
- Cinnamomum Tamala
- (+) = rostlina je již v mé rešerši zahrnuta a popsána stran schopnosti regenerace beta buněk
Problematika kolem tohoto preparátu
- Chybějící seriozní data
- Nikde nepublikované studie
- Jen nekvalitně provedená jedna potkaní a ani ne na potkanech, které by měli skutečný diabetes
- Možné interakce
- Vysoká cena
- Věřit v účinnost či nevěřit...
- Na téhle úrovni se plus minus bohužel pohybuje většina informací v téhle rešerši...
- Některé rostliny samozřejmě více, jiné méně
Zřejmě nějaké kopie se stejným bylinným složením
Petrocarpus marsupium - Malabar kino - Indian kino tree - vijayasar - benga - bijiayasal - piasal - venkai - křídlok vakovitý
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- A flavonoid fraction extracted from the bark
- Regeneration of beta cells
- ˇFBG (Chakravarthy et al., 1980) [96]
- Study published in the Lancet issue 1981, p.759 [134]
- Shown to Regenerate Beta cells of the islet of Langerhans of the Pancreas [134]
- Restores the normal insulin production of the pancreas [134]
- Flavonoid fraction -active principle-epicatechin isolated from the bark - kůra
- Has been shown to cause pancreatic beta cell regranulation
- Insulin release +
- Conversion of proinsulin to insulin in vitro + [137]
- Protective and restorative effects on beta cells in diabetic subjects
- Epicatechin
- Acts by regenerating the beta cells
- May produce actions similar to that of insulin [137]
Využívají se v léčitelství
- „Malabarské kino“ - pryskyřice, která se získává
- Kůra stromu
- Listy
- Plody
- Semena
- Dřevo
- Pití vody z kalíšku z tohoto stromu
Dostupne formy
- http://www.omcentrum.cz/cesky/obchod/zelena_prodejna/byliny/tabulka_bylinek.htm
- Kalíšek z kůry Pterokarpu na pití vody
- Naplňte kalíšek pitnou vodou a nechejte odstát přes noc
- Ráno přelijte zbarvenou vodu do čisté sklenice a vypijte nalačno
- Nejméně 30 dnů, než se voda přestane zbarvovat
- Kousky kůry - VIDŽAJSÁR
- Sučást čaje Everest Ayurveda čaj BRAHMI
- Pterocarpus na Alibaba
Postn - periostin
- Inducing beta-cell regeneration [93]
- Potential therapeutic target for diabetes [93]
- Highly induced following partial pancreatectomy in the regenerating areas containing mesenchymal stroma and tubular complexes [93]
- Postn-deficient mice
- Impaired mesenchymal formation [93]
- Reduced regeneration of pancreatic-beta-cells [93]
- Stimulate proliferation of cells expressing vimentin (expressed in mesenchymal cells) [93]
- Ductal markers cytokeratin-7 and E-cadherin
- Involved in new lobe formation [93]
- Associated with tooth, bone, and heart development
- Widely expressed in organs undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transformation
- Increased expression of Postn closely correlated with metastasis [93]
- Expression of Postn in the pancreas is usually low
- Highly overexpressed in the later stages of pancreatic cancer
- Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) = main source [93]
Prangos ferulacea - Cachrys alata Bieberd. - Prangos alata Grossh. - Prangos biebersteinii Karjagin - Cachrys alata Hoffm. - Cachrys ferulacea (L.) Calest. - Cachrys goniocarpa Boiss. - Cachrys prangoides Boiss. - Laserpitium ferulaceum L. - Prangos alata Grossh. - Prangos biebersteinii Karjagin - Prangos carinata Griseb. ex Grecescu - Prangos goniocarpa (Boiss.) Zohary - Thapsia laserpitii Spreng. - hladýš
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Hydroalcoholic extract of leaves, stem and root (100 mg/kg, PO) for one month
- ˇlymphocytes infiltration,
- ˇnecrotic cells,
- Regeneration of islets
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight loss,
- ˇHbA1c (Soltani Band et al., 2011) [96]
Dostupné formy
Prunella vulgaris - Brunella officinalis Crantz - Prunella reptans Dumort. - Prunella pratensis Schur - self-heal - heal-all - černohlávek obecný - hlavěnka obecná
- Jiangtangsu had been isolated from Prunella vulgaris
- Confirmed to have a remarkable blood sugar lowering effect in diabetic mice
- Possible mechanism of Jiangtangsu is to repair cells of pancreatic islet to release insulin [138] [137]
Dostupné formy
Quercetin
- Enhances insulin secretion
- Inhibits pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- Natural polyphenolic flavonoid
- In a wide variety of plants, vegetables, and fruits
- Antidiabetic properties in vivo
- Increase insulin secretion
- Protect against cell death from apoptotic stimuli in INS-1 cells exposed to various secretagogues such as glucose, glibenclamide, or KCl
- Quercetin treatment (20 µmol/L)
- Potentiated insulin secretion
- Via enhanced Ca2+ uptake from isolated islet of Langerhans cells
- Quercetin treatment
- Protected pancreatic beta cells from H2O2-induced damage
- Protected from interleukin 1ß-induced nitrite production
- Beneficial effects in animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
- Quercetin (15 mg/kg) for 3 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Induced the regeneration of pancreatic islets
- Increased insulin release
- Randomized, blinded, crossover study, a single oral dose of quercetin (400 mg)
- Effectively suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes [106]
Dostupné formy
Rutin
- A glycosidic form of quercetin !!!
- 100 mg/kg in STZ-induced diabetic rats after 45 days of treatment
- Decreased glucose levels
- Increased insulin levels
- Also lowered fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in db/db mice (0.08% diet for seven weeks) [106]
Dostupné formy
- Mnoho rostlin
- Pohanka a spol.
- Potravní doplňky s rutinem
- Venotonika - např. Ascorutin aj.
- Wobenzym - obsahuje také rutin
Resveratrol
- Inhibits pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene)
- Polyphenolic compound
- In plants
- Anti-inflammatory, antiaging, and antidiabetic effects [106]
- Beneficial effects for the prevention of diabetes and diabetic complications
- Its effect on insulin secretion in vitro is controversial
- Concentration-dependent
- Depend on the cell lines and experimental design
- Range of resveratrol concentrations (3–100 µmol/L) had no effect on the insulin secretion by RIN-m5F cells
- resveratrol (10–100 µmol/L) induced insulin secretion in HIT-T15 and INS-1 cells
- resveratrol treatment
- Suppressed cytokine-induced NF-kapa B activation
- Reduced damage to isolated rat islets of Langerhans cells [106]
- Effect of resveratrol on insulin secretion differed depending on the animal model used
- In normal control mice and rats
- resveratrol (3 mg/kg) increased the plasma insulin levels [106]
- In STZ/nicotinamide-treated diabetic mice
- resveratrol treatment (0.5 mg/kg) reduced the plasma insulin levels [106]
- Most studies in humans demonstrated that resveratrol improved glucose tolerance
- A pilot trial in obese insulin-resistant adults
- Decreased glucose tolerance after 4 weeks of treatment (1-2 g/day) [106]
- Randomized trial with type 2 diabetic subjects in the resveratrol group (250 mg/day for 3 months) [106]
- Significantly reduced compared with those in the control group [106]
- Fasting blood glucose [106]
- HbA1c [106]
- Total cholesterol [106]
- Triglyceride [106]
- LDL [106]
Dostupné formy
- červené víno aj. rotliny
- Potravní doplňky s resveratrolem na Zbozi.cz
Salvia lavandifolia - Spanish sage - Šalvěj levandulolistá
- Hypoglycaemic effect may be due to
- Potentiation of insulin release induced by glucose
- Hyperplasia of the pancreatic islet beta cells [137]
- Extract of Salvia lavandifolia at 10 mg/kg
- Induced an increase in the size and number of cells in the islets of Langerhans
- Increase in pancreatic insulin content [137]
Dostupné formy
Sansevieria trifasciata - Aletris hyacinthoides var. zeylanica L. - Sansevieria craigii auct. - Sansevieria jacquinii - Sansevieria laurentii De Wild. - Sansevieria trifasciata var. laurentii - Sansevieria zeylanica var. laurentii - tenura trojžilná - Tchýnin jazyk
- Má mnoho poddruhů
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Decoction of leaves (100 - 200 mg/kg, PO) for 30 days
- ^granule density in beta cells of islets
- ˇFBG (Qomariyah, Sarto, Pratiwi, 2012) [96]
Dostupné formy
Serotonin
- Serotonin and Glucagon Play A Big Part in Pancreas Regeneration
- serotonin was found to be essential to repair the pancreas as a result of inflammation [102]
- Lack of serotonin caused problems [102]
- serotonin also recruits type 2 macrophages
- These cells may act as a fulcrum, balancing inflammation with beneficial tissue repair processes such as regeneration [102]
Soybeans fermented unsalted
- In 90% pancreatectomized diabetic Px rats for 8-week
- Enhanced insulin secretion [137]
- Chungkookjang
- Potentiated insulin/IGF-1 signaling in islets
- Via the induction of insulin receptor substrate-2 expression
- Increased pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1, insulin promoter transcription factor [137]
- Elevated pancreatic beta-cell hyperplasia
- By increasing its proliferation
- By decreasing apoptosis [137]
Dostupné formy
Solanum nigrum - lilek černý
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Aqueous extract of leaves (400 mg/kg) for 21 days
- Partial restoration of islets population and hyperplasia of islet cells
- ˇFBG Maniyar, (Umamageswari, Karthikeyan, 2012) [96]
Dostupné formy
Stevia
- Antidiabetic properties
- 2011 human study compares favorably with the drug glibenclamide [104] [82]
- Without the adverse effects
- Medium-polar extract (benzene:acetone, 1:1, v/v) extract of leaves from Stevia rebaudiana (family Asteraceae) Bert. (Bertoni) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats (PMID: 21687353)
- Extract was administered orally at daily dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body wt. basis for 10 days
- Glibenclamide (sulfonylurea drugs) was used as positive control reference drug against Stevia extract
- Extract of S. rebaudiana (200 and 400 mg/kg) produced a delayed but significant (P<0.01) decrease in the blood glucose level [82]
- Without producing condition of hypoglycemia after treatment [82]
- With lesser loss in the body weight [82]
- Found to antagonize the necrotic action of alloxan and thus had a re-vitalizing effect onß-cells of pancreas [82]
Dostupné formy
- Bylinka běžně v zahradnictví
Sulphurophane (SFN)
- Vysoká koncentrace této látky je v brokolici [56]
- Indirect antioxidant
- Protects animal tissues from chemical or biological insults
- By stimulating the expression of several NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-regulated phase 2 enzymes
- Treatment of RINm5F insulinoma cells with SFN
- Increases Nrf2 nuclear translocation
- Incr. expression of phase 2 enzymes
- Treatment of RIN cells with IL-1beta and IFN-gamma induced beta-cell damage through a NF-kappaB-dependent signaling pathway
- Activation of Nrf2 by treatment with SFN
- Pretreatment with SFN
- Blocked the development of type 1 diabetes in streptozotocin-treated mice [83]
Dostupné formy
- Brokolice
Silybum marianum - milk thistle plant - ostropestřec mariánský
- Silymarin
- Inhibits pancreatic beta cell apoptosis [106]
- Flavonoid mixture
- Silybin
- Silydianin
- Silychristin [106]
- Antiapoptotic in cytokine-induced MIN6 cell death
- Treatment with 50 µg/mL of silymarin [106]
- Reduced cytokine mixture-induced NF-kapa B-activated NO production [106]
- Effect was mediated by ERK-1 and ERK-2 phosphorylation [106]
- silymarin rescued pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic animals
- silymarin (150 mg/kg) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
- Rescued the expression levels of insulin [106]
- Rescued the expression pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 in islets [106]
- Pancreatectomy model, silymarin treatment (200 mg/kg)
- Upregulated the expression level of Nkx6.1 and insulin in the pancreas [106]
- Increasing insulin and decreasing glucose levels [106]
- Cotreatment of diabetic patients with insulin and silymarin (200 mg/day)
- Reduced the blood glucose levels after 3 months of treatment [106]
- A randomized double-blind clinical trial
- Beneficial effect of silymarin (200 mg/day) on hyperglycemia [106]
- Significant decrease in HbA1c at 4 months after treatment [106]
Dostupné formy
- Produkty na heureka.cz
- Oleje, semena, čaje, zavařeniny
Syzygium cumini - Myrtus cumini L. - Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce - Eugenia jambolana Lam. - Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC. - Common plum - Java plum - Eugenia jambolana - jambul - jambolan - jamblang - jamun - hřebíčkovec kmínový - kryškovec vykrojený (Presl 1846) - jambolan - kryškovec
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Alcoholic extract of seeds (250-750 mg/kg, PO) for 30 days
- Hypertrophy of certain islets,
- ^granule density in beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^body weight, ( Singh, Gupta, 2007) [96]
- In rats with pancreas destroyed by alloxan [135]
- Finding raises the possibility can stimulate b cell regeneration
- By the proliferation of its precursor cells in the pancreatic duct [135]
- (STZ)-induced diabetic mice [136]
- Oral dose of isolated SC2 fraction of S.cumini (2 g/L) for 21 d [136]
- Restoration of normoglycemia
- Increases in G6PD and hepatic and muscle glycogens
- Increases in plasma insulin and C-peptide levels
- Occurrence of neo-islets in histological studies suggested regenerative property of SC2
- Neo-islets were found to be producing insulin in in vivo STZ-induced diabetic mice [136]
Dostupné formy
Teucrium polium - Chamaedrys capitata (L.) Raf. - Polium capitatum (L.) Mill. - Teucrium polium L. subsp. capitatum (L.) Arcang. - Ožanka polejová
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Hydroalcoholic extract (equivalent to 0.5 g plant/kg, PO) for 6 weeks
- ^islets number,
- ^beta cell number,
- ˇlymphocytes and macrophages number
- ˇFBG,
- ˇbilirubin,
- ˇglutamate oxaloacetate transferase,
- ˇglutamate pyruvate transferase,
- ^serum insulin (Yazdanparast, Esmaeili, Ashrafi, 2005) [96]
Dostupné formy
Thiazolidinediones
- As protectors of ß-cells from apoptotic stimuli [64]
Tinospora cordifolia - Chebule ( kebule) srdčitá - Amrita - Guduchi
- Obsahuje berberin
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Methanolic extract of stem (250 mg/kg, PO) for 100 days
- Regeneration of beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ˇHbA1c,
- ^serum insulin,
- ^C-peptide (Rajalakshmi et al., 2009) [96]
Dostupné formy
Trigonella foenum graceum - Fenugreek - pískavice - řecké seno
- Neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetic rats
- Hydroalcoholic extract of seeds (100 mg/kg, PO) for 28 days
- ^beta cell number,
- ^islet size
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight lost,
- ˇHbA1c,
- ^serum insulin (Kulkarni et al., 2012) [96]
- Leaves are widely used as a vegetable throughout India [141]
- Long history of medicinal use in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine
- Ethanol extract of T. foenum graecum leaves in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats [141]
- Two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) of the extracts were administered in the study
- Activity of the extract was comparable to glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg b.w.)
- In reducing blood glucose
- Reduced creatinine and urea levels
- Enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity
- Restoring and regenerating islet cells of pancreas [141]
- Podobné výsledky [142] [143] [144]
Dostupné formy
Thunbergia laurifolia - Thunbergia grandiflora var. laurifolia (Lindl.) Benoist - šmatatka (Presl 1846) - smatavka
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Extract of leaves (60 mg/rat, PO) for 15 days
- Recovery of some beta cells
- ˇFBG (Aritajat, Wuteerapol, Saenphet, 2004) [96]
Dostupné formy
Urtica dioica - urtica major - kopřiva dvoudomá - pŕhľava dvojdomá
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Hydroalcoholic extract (100 mg/kg, IP) for 5 days before induction of diabetes
- ^beta cells number
- ˇFBG (Golalipour et al., 2010) [96]
Dostupné formy
- Všude kolem
- Čaje na zbozi.cz
Urtica pilulifera - kopřiva kulkonosná - pŕhľava guľkonosná
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- Lectin isolated from seeds (100 mg/kg, IP) for 4 weeks
- ˇcellular damage in pancreas
- ˇFBG,
- ˇweight lost (Kavalali et al., 2003 [96]
VEGF
- Endothelial cells from the islet
- Incubate them in the right kind of media and then put them back on the beta cells
- You can increase the proliferation of the beta cells in culture
- Fenestrated membrane in the endothelium that lines beta cells
- Little holes that insulin can go through [66]
- Before an animal becomes diabetic, there is dysfunction in the beta cells
- There are lipid droplets in the beta cells
- They are part of the endoplasmic reticulum [66]
- We find is a markedly thickened endothelium
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
- One of the most predominant proteins that the beta cell secretes (besides amylin and insulin)
- Maintains this fenestration
- A disruption in "talk" between the endothelium and the beta cell can contribute to this dysfunction [66]
VGEF A - vascular endothelial growth factor A
- Development of the islets’ blood supply
- Beta-cell proliferation
- X VGEF A
- Reduced beta-cell mass and insulin release
- Impaired glucose clearance from the bloodstream [94]
- VEGF and other “signals” released by the endothelial cells lining islet blood vessels consequently
- Stimulated growth of islet nerves in mice that connected to the brain [94]
- Promote beta cell growth [94]
- Too much VEGF-A can lead to beta cell death [94]
- Sets up a regenerative microenvironment [94]
- Interaction of vascular endothelial cells and macrophages [94]
- Beta cell proliferation both in mice and human islets [94]
Vernonia amygdalina - bitter leaf - Bracheilema paniculatum - Cacalia amygdalina - Cheliusia abyssinica - Decaneurum amygdalinum - Gymnanthemum abyssinicum - V. adenosticta - V. eritreana - V. giorgii - V. randii - V. vogeliana - V. weisseana
- Vegetable from compositae family
- Commonly used in west of Africa for treating various diseases including diabetes (Atangwho et al., 2007) [96]
- Pre-treatment with the aqueous extract of V. amygdalina
- Protects the islets of Langerhans against alloxan-induced pancreatic degeneration (Sunday et al., 2012) [96]
- Administration of V. amygdalina
- Induces regeneration of the islet cells
- Decreases FBG in diabetic rats (Atangwho et al., 2007) [96]
- ALO-induced diabetic rats
- Pre-treated with aqueous extract (250 mg/kg, PO) for 21 days
- Moderate regeneration of islets
- ˇFBG (Sunday et al., 2012) [96]
- Ethanolic extract of leaves (400 mg/kg, PO) for 14 days
- Regeneration of new islet cells
- ˇFBG,
- ˇserum alpha-amylase activity (Atangwho et al., 2007) [96]
Dostupné formy
Vinca rosea - Vinca rosea var. alba (G. Don) Sweet, Vinca rosea var. albiflora Bertol. - Ammocallis rosea (L.) Small - Catharanthus roseus var. albus G. Don - Hottonia littoralis Lour. - Lachnea rosea (L.) Rchb. - Lochnera rosea (L.) Rchb. ex Endl. - Lochnera rosea (L.) Rchb. ex K. Schum. - Lochnera rosea var. alba (G. Don) Hubbard - Lochnera rosea var. flava Tsiang - Pervinca rosea (L.) Gaterau - Pervinca rosea (L.) Moench - katarantus
- Methanolic extract of leaves (300 & 500 mg/kg, PO) for 14 days
- Partial restoration of normal cellular population and enlarged size of beta cells
- ˇFBG,
- ^glucose tolerance,
- ˇserum lipids,
- ˇweight lost,
- ˇcreatinine,
- ˇurea,
- ˇalkalin phosphatase (Ahmed et al., 2010) [96]
- Regulates blood sugar
- Causes Beta Cell regeneration and stimulation
- Effect of Vinca rosea extracts in treatment diabetes in male albino rats after 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate (PMID: 12018575)
- Aqueous extracts of V. rosea flower and leaf
- Produced blood glucose homeostasis
- Reversed changes in
- Carbohydrate, protein, lipid metabolisms
- Pathologic changes in pancreatic islet cells, liver and kidney [85]
- B-cell secretory activity resumed near-normal [85]
- B-cell rejuvenation, regeneration and stimulation [85]
- Druh je jedovatý, produkuje řadu alkaloidů
- Obsahuje vinkristin a vinblastin = tzv. vřeténkové jedy !!!
Exenatide
- Stimulate neogenesis or regeneration of insulin-secreting tissue in vivo
- May enhance beta-cell function and potentially stimulate repair, regeneration, or neogenesis of beta-cells
- Some investigators have raised concern that the improved beta-cell function seen with exenatide in type 2 diabetes
- Is not sustained after discontinuation of exenatide
- They have assumed that this is indicative of the lack of an effect on islet mass.
- Antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effect has been associated with exenatide treatment
- diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/60/1/1
FGF-1
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has been shown to reverse hyperglycemia in diabetic rodent models through peripheral and central administration routes. Previous studies demonstrated that insulin is required for central and peripheral FGF1 metabolic improvements; however, it is unknown if FGF1 targets insulin secretion at the islet level. Here we show for the first time that FGF1 increases islet insulin secretion in diabetic mouse models. FGF1 was administered via a single intracerebroventricular or multiple subcutaneous injections to leptin receptor-deficient (db/db), diet-induced obese, and control mice; pancreatic islets were isolated 7 days later for analysis of insulin secretion. Central and peripheral FGF1 significantly lowered blood glucose in vivo and increased ex vivo islet insulin secretion from diabetic, but not control, mice. FGF1 injections to the cisterna magna mimicked intracerebroventricular outcomes, pointing to a novel therapeutic potential. Central effects of FGF1 appeared dependent on reductions in food intake, whereas peripheral FGF1 had acute actions on islet function prior to significant changes in food intake or blood glucose. Additionally, peripheral, but not central, FGF1 increased islet ß-cell density, suggesting that peripheral FGF1 may induce long-term changes in islet structure and function that are not present with central treatment.Enhancement of the protective immune response
- By stimulation with granulocyte colony stimulation factor
Glucagon-like peptide 1
- Stimulate neogenesis or regeneration of insulin-secreting tissue in vivo
- May enhance beta-cell function and potentially stimulate repair, regeneration, or neogenesis of beta-cells
- diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/60/1/1
Human proislet peptide-2B
- Agents that may enhance ß-cell function and potentially stimulate repair, regeneration, or neogenesis of ß-cells
Islet neogenesis–associated peptide
- Agents that may enhance beta-cell function and potentially stimulate repair, regeneration, or neogenesis of beta-cells
- diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/60/1/1
- HERV-W Env suggested in insulin deficiency and type I diabetes immunopathogenesis (Levet et al., 2017).
GNbAC1 Ab
Phase-IIa clinical study of type I diabetes patients
- Being possibly an important clinical option in treating this autoimmune disease (Levet et al., 2017).
- www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00462/full
Baclofen, and muscimol
- In NOD severe combined immunodeficiency mice transplanted with human islets
- GABA, baclofen, and muscimol treatment promoted significant human ß-cell replication, as suggested by the increased percentage of total insulin+ cells within islet grafts
- diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/62/11/3674
Combination high-dose omega-3 fatty acids and high-dose cholecalciferol in new onset type 1 diabetes: a potential role in preservation of beta-cell mass
D A Baidal 1 , C Ricordi, M Garcia-Contreras, A Sonnino, A Fabbri, PMID: 27467009, 2016
- Case of a 14-year-old boy
- New onset T1D
- Treated with high dose Omega-3 and vitamin D3
- By 12 months, peak C-peptide increased to 0.55 nmol/L (1.66 ng/mL)
- Corresponding to a 20% increment from baseline
- AUC C-peptide was slightly higher compared to 9 months (0.33 vs. 0.30 nmol/L/min)
- Although remaining slightly lower than baseline
- Combination high-dose Omega-3 fatty acids and high-dose vitamin D3 therapy was well tolerated
- May have beneficial effects on beta-cell function
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467009/
Administration of vitamin D and high dose of omega 3 to sustain remission of type 1 diabetes
F Cadario 1 , S Savastio, R Ricotti, A M Rizzo, D Carrera, L Maiuri, C Ricordi, PMID: 29424911 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201801_14203, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Jan;22(2):512-515.
- High dose vitamin D and omega 3 could be of assistance in childhood T1D therapy, to prolong preservation of endogenous insulin secretion in the absence of side effects.
Can Type 1 diabetes progression be halted? Possible role of high dose vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acids
F Cadario 1 , S Savastio, A M Rizzo, D Carrera, G Bona, C Ricordi, PMID: 28429367
- This case report of high dose vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on T1D progression in a 8-year-old child.
- After one year and a half from the onset of T1D,
- Subject shows a near-normal blood glucose with the administration of 1.5-2 UI of insulin once a day
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28429367/
GABA
GABA promotes beta-cell growth and survival, and GABA can also act on the GABA(A) receptors in the pancreatic alpha cells, in so doing suppressing glucagon secretion, and GABA suppresses inflammation and increases regulatory T-cell numbers. Based on the aforementioned information, we envisage that administering GABA to those with new onset T1DM may preserve or increase residual insulin production, suppress glucagon release, and decrease inflammation surrounding the pancreas. With this, GABA may prolong the beta-cell life after diagnosis.https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02002130Two cases of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)
- In pediatric subjects treated with supplementation with high dose vitamin D and omega 3 are reported.
- A similar pattern of remission of the disease was observed, resulting in restoration and subsequent persistence of optimal metabolic control, one and two years after T1D onset.
- Minimal basal insulin administration (0.1 IU/kg/die) in a single evening injection was required. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of the supplements were likely contributing to the observed effect.
- Similarities in genotyping and autoantibody patterns in these two cases could be of assistance to identify which subjects with T1D could benefit from this supplemental therapy.
- High dose vitamin D and omega 3 could be of assistance in childhood T1D therapy, to prolong preservation of endogenous insulin secretion in the absence of side effects.
- We do not know how long the state of remission can last, but these initial results are promising and represented a significant benefit for the two pediatric subjects treated.
- pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29424911/
